This is an evidence base of available literature on the impacts of offshore renewable energy developments (fixed-base wind, floating wind, wave and tidal) and the outcomes for marine ecosystem services. The evidence was collated through a systematic search of global primary literature (also known as peer-reviewed or published literature) and UK grey literature regarding the impacts of OWF developments (the scope for including global grey literature was unfeasible). Grey literature refers to multiple types of report or document, and is defined as: "information produced on all levels of government, academia, business and industry in electronic and print formats not controlled by commercial publishing" i.e. where publishing is not the primary activity of the producing body (ICGL, 1997). Data was extracted from each evidence source, for each subject or marine ecosystem component that was impacted by the OWF development, the phase of development, the specific pressure and other relevant information about the wind farm or location. Expert judgement was used to map each piece of evidence for impacts on the marine environment according to CICES (Common International Classification of Ecosystem Services) or MEA (Millenium Ecosystem Assessment) and other published classification systems for ecosystem services (Ryfield et al., 2019; Hooper et al., 2020). The dataset was created to provide a central evidence base of available primary (2002-2025) and grey literature (2012-2022) regarding the impacts of offshore renewable developments (for construction, operational and decommissioning phases) on ecosystem service outcomes in the marine environment. The primary literature represents a global semi-systematic search, while the grey literature is restricted to a semi-systematic search for reports and documents from the UK that relate to offshore wind farms only. The database provides a comprehensive list of available literature on this topic, and it enables the assessment and comparison of the evidence for environmental impacts and ecosystem service outcomes between primary and grey literature sources. This will be critical for marine policy makers when gathering evidence for future developments and advances understanding of the impacts and trade-offs associated with developments and ecosystem services. This database can also be accessed through the ORIES (Offshore Renewable Impacts on Ecosystem Services) decision support tool www.ories.pml.space.
DUKES is an extensive collections of tables, charts and commentary with separate sections on coal, petroleum, gas, electricity, renewables and combined heat and power, providing a comprehensive picture of energy production and use over the last five years, with key series taken back to 1970. 2013 to date are online here, while older data is available at the National Archive. NB There is a pdf containing an useful index to the archived data. This is a series of PDF files, also available as printed booklets. The tables can be downloaded to Excel.
The Renewable Energy Planning Database (REPD) and the Heat Networks Planning Database are updated and published every quarter. The Renewable Energy Planning Database tracks the progress of renewable electricity and heat networks projects. The Heat Networks Planning Database covers district as well as communal heat network projects. The Renewable Energy Planning Database tracks the progress of renewable electricity and heat networks projects. It provides as accurate and comprehensive a snapshot as possible of projects in both areas, and of progress across the technology sectors. The Heat Networks Planning Database covers district as well as communal heat network projects. It aims to provide a more complete picture of heat network deployment across the UK.The databases are: updated during the month following the end of each quarter; and are provided in 2 separate CSV files, and on separate worksheets within a single XLSX file.
Energy trends is a quarterly bulletin containing statistics on all major aspects of energy in the UK. Energy trends focuses on the supply and demand of coal, oil, gas, electricity and renewables in the United Kingdom. Data is published a quarter in arrears.Previous editions of Energy trends are available from The National Archives.
The Knowledge Network is a web-based system which facilitates data exchange in the emerging wave and tidal energy industry. The Knowledge Network contains more than 2000 resources on a range of topics relevant to wave and tidal energy. The resources are of a variety of types, including reports and datasets. The Crown Estate originally developed the Knowledge Network in line with its strategic objective to support growth of the wave and tidal industry and in partnership with the Department of Energy and Climate Change. The WTKN is now managed by the Offshore Renewable Energy Catapult. It is a searchable database containing a wide range of information available to download free of charge and also provides links to information held elsewhere, which may be available on a commercial basis.
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