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Reference Number	NIA_NGET0010
Title	Optimised Location for Surge Arresters on the Transmission Network
Status	Completed
Energy Categories	Other Power and Storage Technologies(Electricity transmission and distribution) 100%;
Research Types	Applied Research and Development 100%
Science and Technology Fields	ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY (Electrical and Electronic Engineering) 100%
UKERC Cross Cutting Characterisation	Not Cross-cutting 100%
Principal Investigator	Project Contact No email address given National Grid Electricity Transmission
Award Type	Network Innovation Allowance
Funding Source	Ofgem
Start Date	01 September 2012
End Date	01 September 2014
Duration	24 months
Total Grant Value	£75,000
Industrial Sectors	Power
Region	London
Programme	Network Innovation Allowance
Investigators	Principal Investigator	Project Contact , National Grid Electricity Transmission (100.000%)
Web Site	http://www.smarternetworks.org/project/NIA_NGET0010
Objectives	To minimise costs associated with surge arrestors on the Transmission Network by optimised their location. Review of existing practice of surge arresters and related insulation coordination Develop models for key scenarios of transients(Lightning and switching) in transmission substations Develop simple rules and techniques for optimising the use and location of surge arresters in substations Develop necessary background knowledge for overvoltage protection of transformer, GIS, and cable Investigate overvoltage protection special cases of transformer fault scenarios and GIS-Cable networks Obtain the EMTP simulation models of all above tasks and activities
Abstract	It is important to investigate the overvoltage levels within a substation under both lightning and switching surge conditions. This would allow adequate choice of surge arresters and, more importantly, determine an optimised location for more effective and reliable overvoltage protection of high voltage plant, e.g. transformers, cables and gas insulated switchgear (GIS). Research The method that has been proposed for this project includes; Computer modelling using EMTP computations will be undertaken to determine the threat-levels related to surges in substations and examine protection against overvoltages. Further analysis will be required to derive basic rules for overvoltage protection optimisation which can then be implemented on the system. The following tasks are proposed: i. Review: Conduct a literature review to include applicable standards for insulation coordination and overvoltage protection recommendations for various items of high voltage plant. Contact manufacturers to survey best advice on surge arrester selection and location in practice. Conduct a literature review on the possible application of co-ordinating gap as an alternative to gapless surge arresters. ii. Models: Develop EMTP model for selected configurations of substation layouts including connected overhead lines and cable circuits. Use various scenarios of lightning and switching overvoltages (circuit details to be agreed based on demand), to include studies for overvoltage protection of: Transformers, GIS, substation entry, and Underground cable lengths, and iii. Protection distance: Perform extensive simulations of the above, and determine level of overvoltage protection offered by surge arresters with distance. Obtain minimum and maximum practical distances for which adequate protection is provided. Identify key factors controlling surge arrester protection distance and evaluate their effects on overvoltage protection with the aim to derive simple rules and equations for estimating adequate surge arrester location. iv. GIS protection: Conduct a comprehensive investigation of transients in GIS, including scenarios for very fast switching transients in order to determine the necessary requirements and rules for overvoltage protection, surge arrester ratings and location. v. Transformers under fault: investigate the overvoltage protection requirements for the special case of transformers subjected to worst-case fault condition( details of circuit scenarios to be confirmed by DG/FG)vi. Cable-GIS protection: Review and examine, through simulations, the transient overvoltages on cable networks and assess the effectiveness of surge arresters protection on networks with extensive cable lengths. Consider the interaction between cables and GIS and develop optimised methods of protecting such circuits. Insulation coordination-progress report 1: this will include the literature review and modelling results for determining surge arrester protection distances Insulation coordination-progress report 2: this will include the results of the GIS studies Insulation coordination-progress report 2: this will include the special fault studies on transformers and GIS with extensive cable networks Insulation coordination - final report: this will group the above reports and include recommendations for implementation at National GridNote : Project Documents may be available via the ENA Smarter Networks Portal using the Website link above
Publications	(none)
Final Report	(none)
Added to Database	14/09/18