Recent Additions to the EDC
Browse details of new data, projects and publications added to the EDC
11/07/2024
4 new projects added
GRN: EP/Z00148X/1
Period: 01/10/2024 to 30/09/2026
Funding Source: EPSRC
The realm of cation disorder chemistry has greatly broadened the chemical space for designing novel cathode materials, leading toextensive study of cation disordered rocksalts (DRX). These DRX materials represent a series of metal oxides that share the rocksalt(NaCl) structure with fcc anion and cation sublattices. In Li-based DRX oxides (Li1+xM1-xO2), the lithium and transition metal (M) mixwith each other in the cation sublattice, a phenomenon expected to augment lithium storage and foster high performance.Traditionally, mechanochemical synthesis, such as ball milling, is a common approach for obtaining DRX materials. Yet, this methodyields products with poor crystallinity and can induce undesirable side reactions, ultimately compromising battery capacity.To address these challenges, this proposal presents a novel strategy to synthesize DRX-LinMxOy materials through electrochemicalpathways, aiming to enhance their electrochemical performance.To unravel the complexity, this project leverages sophisticated techniques including advanced pair distribution function (PDF), X-rayabsorption spectroscopy (XAS) and solid-state Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (ssNMR) to probe the structure transformation andcapacity fading in DRX-LinMxOy materials. This in-depth analysis aims to strategically guide the synthesis and optimization of novelDRX materials.
GRN: EP/Y022270/1
Period: 01/04/2024 to 31/03/2027
Funding Source: EPSRC
The goal of this project is to develop "photonic curing" (PC) as a quick and selective method to replace thermal annealing in solar cell preparation. The thermal annealing indicates a treatment that most solar cells need, during which the photovoltaic device (included the substrate) is placed in an oven or on a hot-plate at certain temperature (ranging from few tens to hundreds of C) for different times (from seconds to hours). Consequently, the annealing limits the choice of substrates and compounds that can be used in a solar cell, depending on their thermal. For example, a commonly used transport layer, TiO2, requires annealing at 450C for several minutes. Clearly, this material, cannot be used on plastic substrates, that would melt during the annealing. To overcome this limitation, this project uses photonic curing, in which a short but powerful pulse from high voltage lamps is used as heat source. Differently from traditional thermal processes, in the photonic curing the energy comes from a lamp placed on top the device, only heating the uppermost layer of the multilayer structure that characterise solar cells. By changing the light pulse characteristics (power, duration, repetitions and frequency) it is possible to modulate the transmitted energy profile, adapting it to the light-absorption properties and to thermal conditions required by the material to be treated. Additionally, it is possible to carefully control the heating penetration depth, avoiding damages to the materials and substrates underneath the uppermost layer. Therefore, this could permit the preparation of novel solar cells architectures, as well as the improvement of existing single- and multi-junction devices. For example, delicate substrates (such as plastic or fabric) could be used, and novel combinations of small- and wide-bandgaps semiconductors for tandem PV devices could be explored. As such, the main objectives of this project will be: i) development of photonic curing treatments for the crystallization of different thin-films absorbers (perovskites, Sb2Se3, Cu2ZnSnS4) and different transport materials (TiO2, SnO2, ZnO2, MoOx or NiOx). ii) Preparation and characterization of thin-film single-junction solar cells through photonic curing on flexible substrates. iii) Preparation of novel multi-junction solar cells (so far hindered by the required thermal treatments) on rigid and flexible substrates. Thanks to the creation of novel photovoltaic modules able to satisfy both high efficiency and a wide range of prerequisites beyond performances (e.g. light weight and bendability, patterned designs, colour, etc.), this project will have an enormous impact on the academic, industrial, and social sector, unlocking a new technology and permitting large deployment of solar cells in different contexts.
GRN: EP/X03660X/1
Period: 30/06/2024 to 29/06/2026
Funding Source: EPSRC
Perovskite solar cells are one of the newest and most exciting materials in the world of solar cell research. In little over 10 years their lab scale efficiencies have advanced from 8% to over 25%, putting them on a par with market leading silicon solar cells. However, after a decade's worth of interest and investment, this potentially revolutionary solar cell has not made it on to the market yet. There are several important barriers to commercialisation for perovskites, principally:1. Issues with stability of perovskite materials,2. Concerns around the use of toxic element such as lead, and,3. Issues in transitioning to scalable manufacturing processes.In order to overcome these barriers, we propose a more holistic approach to design and fabrication of perovskite solar cells, which considers both toxicity and scalability, as well electrical efficiency during the optimisation process. The aim of this project to develop safe, stable and printable perovskite solar inks. This will be achieved by developing tin-based perovskite solar cells and exploring the use of ionic liquids in the solvent system to create a stable non-toxic ink that can be used in an inkjet printer. Ionic liquids are an impressive new solvent option for perovskite processing, exhibiting many favourable properties, such as solubility, low toxicity and stability. Most promising of all is the tunability of their viscosity, a key parameter in ink formulation for printing and thin film processing, which is yet to be explored. The goal is to fully print a tin-based perovskite solar cell in atmospheric conditions. This will be a revolutionary solar cell product that contains no harmful materials, is more easily recyclable and can be fabricated at lower costs
GRN: EP/Y009568/1
Period: 17/06/2024 to 16/06/2028
Funding Source: EPSRC
The need to transition from a society powered by fossil fuels to one powered by renewable resources is a globally-recognized, urgent problem. One attractive source of base-load renewable energy is geothermal energy, although high capital and production costs mean that in many parts of the world geothermal energy is not economically competitive against fossil fuel alternatives. In Japan, for example, geothermal electricity costs 2-4 times as much to generate per kWh as that from gas-fired power plants.One strategy to increase the power output of geothermal plants is through accessing even hotter and deeper 'supercritical' fluids, with temperatures in excess of 400 Celsius and depths over 3 km. Such fluids can carry up to ten times more enthalpy than conventional geothermal fluids, and trial supercritical projects are underway in USA, Mexico, Japan, Iceland, Italy and New Zealand. However, the greater contribution of magmas (silicate melts) to supercritical fluids means that they can have significantly higher solute loads, making them much more likely to cause well-bore scaling, a perennial problem in geothermal systems. On the other hand, the higher solute load brings with it opportunities if the dissolved metals can be recovered commercially alongside the heat. This provides a second value stream that could greatly reduce the costs of geothermal power generation. Many of the metals dissolved in supercritical fluid are those commonly used in batteries and electric vehicles capable of producing scales with metal concentrations comparable to high-grade ores. The total polymetallic value of supercritical fluids is estimated to be up to ten times that of their contained energy, giving a sense of the considerable economic benefit to recovering metals alongside geothermal energy.To date, the co-production of geothermal energy and metals is limited to lower temperature, relatively solute-poor fluids and has not yet been considered for supercritical systems. Currently, most metals present in geothermal fluids are either lost to scale downhole, which also reduces the efficiency of the well, or left in solution and lost as waste. The aim of this project is to develop novel functional materials that selectively remove metals from saline, supercritical geothermal fluids. These materials will not only enable metals recovery, but also help inhibit problematic scale growth on the well-bores. The use of minerals to recover metals is in contrast to the more common use of immiscible solvents whose selectivity between different metals is consistently less. We will build upon our long experience of metal-fluid partitioning of metals in geologic systems to select the optimum metal-sequestering minerals for geothermal fluids.The objectives will be accomplished in several stages. The initial stage will involve characterisation of geothermal scale found in active geothermal wells. Metal contents and scale mineralogy will be determined. This step will help inform which materials can be used to selectively remove the metals of interest from the geothermal fluid. Hydrothermal experiments will then be performed at small-scales and in novel flow-through reactors to determine the efficiency at which the chosen materials can remove metals from supercritical fluids. During the last stage of the project, strategies for synthesising the materials downhole, as well as recovery of metals at the surface, will be developed through collaboration with industry partners. The project represents translational science whereby an understanding of element partitioning in geological and engineered systems is used to bridge a fundamental knowledge gap between the mining and geothermal energy sectors in the development of a novel approach to the Net Zero transition. Our choice of project partners from the global geothermal research, drilling and metals processing community will facilitate scale-up and commercial uptake at this new research frontier
03/07/2024
23 new projects added
GRN: EP/Z002125/1
Period: 01/08/2024 to 31/07/2026
Funding Source: EPSRC
The European Union is committed to combatting climate change by reducing CO2 emissions, aiming for climate neutrality by 2050. To achieve this, they've set a target of at least a 55% net reduction in greenhouse gas emissions by 2030. A crucial aspect is the use of renewable energy, particularly for heating and cooling buildings. However, renewable energy sources are intermittent, posing a challenge to continuous availability. Therefore, Thermal Energy Storage (TES) technology plays a pivotal role in storing energy during periods of low demand and releasing it when needed, effectively shifting energy loads from peak to off-peak hours. One emerging field within TES research is the use of latent heat storage using phase change materials (PCM) which offer the potential to synchronize energy demand and supply over short to long-term periods. While PCMs have shown promising performance due to their high energy density, conventional PCM systems suffer from heat losses, even when not in use. "SuperThermalBattery" concept, utilizes a novel approach involving solar-powered hybrid supercooled PCMs. This system stores latent heat entirely using solar PV/ Thermal powered heat pumps even at ambient temperature, and release it only when triggered for crystallization, effectively turning the supercooling disadvantage of conventional PCMs into an asset. This research seeks to explore the potential of innovative hybrid supercooled PCMs, aiming to enhance their thermal properties and crystallization kinetics. This comprehensive approach promises reliable supercooled PCM materials for both short-term and long-term thermal storage applications. This system has the potential to reduce fossil fuel usage and CO2 emissions in the EU, enhance energy security, address challenges in heat storage applications, and increase the use of solar-assisted heat pumps for domestic heating
GRN: EP/Z002982/1
Period: 01/05/2025 to 30/04/2027
Funding Source: EPSRC
Light is a versatile stimulus, offering multiple adjustable parameters that allow for precise manipulation without physical contact or as an energy source. Recently, there has been a growing interest in light-controlled photochromic materials (PCMs). These materials have garnered attention due to their significance in fundamental research and diverse applications, including optical switches, optical data storage devices, energy-efficient coatings, energy storage, and eyewear. Photochromism, defined as the reversible transformation of a chemical species between two different isomers with distinct absorption spectra, plays a pivotal role in PCMs. This transformation is initiated by exposure to light and can occur in both forward and reverse directions. In this context, excited state modelling is essential to understand mechanisms in PCMs, aiding the design and optimization of new materials. However, computational limitations, particularly the high computational costs associated with non-adiabatic dynamics (NAMD) in crystalline environments, present significant challenges in studying these reactions. An alternative approach to address these computational challenges is to employ data-driven models alongside traditional quantum chemistry (QC) calculations. Machine learning (ML) models, trained using quantum chemical data, have shown great promise in predicting ground state energies and forces with remarkable precision. This data-driven approach has the potential to substantially accelerate simulations. This research project aims to integrate Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) with existing QC codes to enhance and expedite NAMD simulations within solid environments, extending the simulation timescales. Our research focuses around investigating the cyclization reaction of photochromic diarylethene derivatives. This will serve as a crucial case study to evaluate the efficacy of the suggested approaches in understanding the behaviour of known materials and aiding in the discovery
GRN: EP/Z002559/1
Period: 01/09/2024 to 28/02/2026
Funding Source: EPSRC
The UK has a clear roadmap to establish itself as a global leader in fusion power technology, a field anticipated to play a pivotal role in clean energy generation over the next 50 to 100 years. A major milestone in this journey is achieving a net positive energy output in the Spherical Tokamak for Energy Production (STEP) fusion plant by the year 2040.The key to accomplishing this ambitious goal lies in effectively containing the plasma generated in the fusion reaction, a feat only possible if the materials used in the core components of the plant can withstand the extreme combination of irradiation, thermal, magnetic, electric, and mechanical stresses anticipated in these facilities. Remarkably, no single material system alone can withstand these conditions.Currently, the prevailing designs for components near the reactor core relies on tungsten, a material renowned for its excellent thermal conductivity and resistance to radiation damage. These tungsten components are kept cool by being connected to copper heat sinks. However, these existing designs face limitations in performance due to conventional manufacturing methods. These methods restrict the complexity of shapes that can be created, and the use of various joining techniques (such as brazing, fasteners, welding, or adhesion) introduces elements like bolts, holes, or interlocking mechanisms. These features can potentially undermine the overall structural performance of the component.Our proposal suggests a drastically different approach to manufacture. We believe that such parts should be manufactured using a bottom-up process that enables the deliberate design of structural and property variations in a component. That is, a manufacturing process that allows to translate into physical parts the outcome of concurrent design activities that simultaneously maximise the thermal extraction behaviour of copper heat sinks and the radiation-resistance design offered by tungsten barriers.To achieve this vision, we require the capability to precisely arrange tungsten and copper in three dimensions with deterministic control, guided by computational methods. Unfortunately, this capability is currently significantly limited, with state-of-the-art at prototype levels. Therefore, the core objective of our research is to explore the potential of multi-metallic additive manufacturing, a capability recently developed in the UK, to establish new guidelines for design and fabricate multi-metallic advanced structures.A significant research challenge lies in establishing rules for mixing and evolving the metal-metal joint (interface) that forms during the deposition of tungsten and copper. We also aim to develop new interface material models and integrate them into design activities that extend to the component level (macro scale). We anticipate a spectrum of complexities in these interfaces, which will vary depending on factors such as build arrangement, thermal history, and deposition sequence. Determining these models will require the support of first-of-a-kind characterisation experiments, including microscopy and thermo-mechanical testing, alongside computational metallurgy.Once we have established this foundational research, our goal is to deliver structures tailored for fusion power applications. We will design and rigorously test these structural prototypes in collaboration with the UK Atomic Energy Authority (UKAEA), one of our project partners.
GRN: EP/Y034813/1
Period: 01/04/2024 to 30/09/2032
Funding Source: EPSRC
The EPSRC Centre for Doctoral Training in Statistics and Machine Learning (StatML) will address the EPSRC research priority of the 'physical and mathematical sciences powerhouse' through an innovative cohort-based training program. StatML harnesses the combined strengths of Imperial and Oxford, two world-leading institutions in statistics and machine learning, in collaboration with a broad spectrum of industry partners, to nurture the next generation of leaders in this field. Our students will be at the forefront of advancing the core methodologies of data science and AI, crucial for unlocking the value inherent in data to benefit industry and society. They will be equipped with advanced research, technical, and practical skills, enabling them to make tangible real-world impacts. Our students will be ethical and responsible innovators, championing reproducible research and open science. Collaborating with students, charities and equality experts, StatML will also pioneer a comprehensive strategy to promote inclusivity, attract individuals from diverse backgrounds and eliminate biases. This will help diversify the UK's future statistics and machine learning workforce, essential for ensuring data science is used for public good.Data science and AI are now part of our everyday lives, transforming all sectors of the economy. To future-proof the UK's prosperity and security, it is essential to develop new methodology, specifically tailored to meet the big societal challenges of the future. The techniques underpinning such methods are founded in statistics and machine learning. Through close collaboration with a broad range of industry partners, our cohort-based training will support the UK in producing a critical mass of world-leading researchers with expertise in developing cutting-edge, impactful statistical and machine learning methodology and theory. It is well documented in government and learned society reports that the UK economy has an urgent need for these people. The significant level of industry support for our proposal also highlights the necessity of filling this gap in the UK data science ecosystem.StatML will learn from and build upon our previous successful experiences in cohort training of doctoral students (our existing StatML CDT funded in 2018, as well as other CDTs at Imperial and Oxford). Our students will continue to produce impactful, internationally leading research in statistics and machine learning (as evidenced by our students' impressive publication record and our world-leading research environment, as rated by the REF 2021 evaluation), while complementing this with a bespoke cohort-based Advanced Training program in Statistics and Machine Learning (StatML-AT). StatML-AT has been developed from our experience and in partnership with industry. It will be responsive to emerging technologies and equip our students with the practical skills required to transform how data is used. It will be delivered by our outstanding academics from both institutions alongside with industry leaders to ensure that students receive training in cutting edge technologies, along with the latest ideas in ethics, responsible innovation, sustainability and entrepreneurship. This will be complemented by industrial and academic placements to allow the students to develop their own international network and produce high-impact research. Together, StatML and its partners will train 90+ students over 5 cohorts. More than half of these will be funded from external sources, including 25+ by industry, representing excellent value for money. Our diverse cohorts will benefit from a unique and responsive training program combining academic excellence, industry engagement, and interdisciplinary culture. This will make StatML a vibrant research environment inspiring the next methodological advancements to transform the use of data and AI across industry and society
GRN: EP/Y035127/1
Period: 01/04/2024 to 30/09/2032
Funding Source: EPSRC
The centre will focus on negative emission technologies. Most climate policy specialists in the UK and around the world consider these will be essential to mitigate the worst impacts of climate change. At present the Supergen Bioenergy hub has 2 research projects on BECCS (focused on gasification), the Oxford based greenhouse removal hub works with 4 demonstrators (on biochar, peatlands, enhanced weathering and afforestation), all focused on academic research in UK institutes.This project will work with both Supergen and the GGR Hub (as well as the dmonstrators which have Nottingham and Aston leadership and participation) to expand the research to the currently neglected areas of engineered GGR solutions. The scale and level of activity often makes it difficult for individual universiteis to engage fully in the needs of the sector and so the CDT will address that by providing a wide pool of supervisors, facilities and disciplinary perspectives. No other centre currently does this for PhD students. No other centre has or is planned to address the future skills need with the huge anticipated expansion of this centre.The main technological themes are:Direct air capture and CO2 storageDirect air capture and CO2 utilizationBiochar synthesis and utilisationBiomass to materials and chemicalsCO2 UtilizationBiomass to energy with carbon capture and storage
GRN: EP/X035778/1
Period: 01/10/2024 to 31/03/2027
Funding Source: EPSRC
Our proposed research aims to develop an ocean wave imaging analyser to predict wave- vessel-payload-crew interaction. This is a currently missing prerequisite for optimal seakeeping of fast vessels. Seakeeping, concerning the control of vessel motion when subjected to waves and the resulting effects on humans, systems, and mission capacity, remains one of the biggest challenges in maritime safety. Vessel operational practices (48%) and human factors (17%), both key to seakeeping, have been the main safety recommendations amongst 1212 investigations, conducted by the European Maritime Safety Agency in the past decade.Before making any control decisions, mitigating detrimental effects on seakeeping requires accurate and real-time modelling of the approaching waves in the perimeter of the vessel. The predicted wave loading is essential for any precise estimation of vessel motion, but it is absent. To derive such a model, 3D wave geometry evolving in real time - a dynamic 4D scene - is required. However, the computational time required for existing sensing and modelling approaches are too long for the decision windows of any vessel operations. This process presently takes more than tens of seconds in order to anticipate and react at close proximity. This leads to three specific challenges we propose to tackle.1) Develop a real-time stereo wave imaging system for fast vessels to create an imaging database in order to reconstruct accurate 4D wave scenes.2) Reduce inference time of extracting wave dynamic features, e.g. wave propagation speed, direction, magnitude by comparing and adapting different deep learning methods.3) Predict dynamic loading on the vessel, payload and crew from reconstructed 4D wave.Storms are expected to become more common and severe due to climate change. The maritime industries, including fishing, marine science, defence, offshore energy, and search and rescue services, will need to adapt. A shock mitigation strategy is essential for all crafts that undertake rough water transits manned or unmanned. In heavy seas, 'wave slams' induce high-acceleration events exposing occupants to mechanical shocks and whole-body vibration of extreme magnitudes with severe chronic and acute consequences on human health. The UK regulation based on the Control of Vibration Work Regulations 2005 and the Merchant Shipping and Fishing Vessel Regulations 2007, with daily limits for shock and vibration exposure. Similar legislation applies throughout Europe and other countries. It is not always practicable for fast vessel operators to carry out necessary activities and duties while complying with these limits. In many situations, crew shock and vibration exposures are the limiting factor of the operational capability.It is practical to provide crew with shock mitigating seating. Seats or cabs, however, protect the crew, but not the hull, hull-mounted equipment or payload. If the coxswain continues to drive to the same discomfort level, the loading on the vessel will be increased with the potential of immediate and long-term damages. This is a current area of concern in the whole industry. An experienced coxswain can maintain a high speed while mitigating the impact severity via constant adjustment of the helm and throttle. This skillset requires understanding of many factors: the characteristics of the oncoming wave and the likely response of the vessel and crew.The development of an 'intelligent' imaging system capable of reading the dynamic oncoming sea, sensing craft motion, and its effects on crew and cargo will be essential to the seakeeping and maritime safety. Our industrial-driven research will address this challenge through extensive onboard stereo imaging experimentation, state-of-the-art numerical modelling and development of new artificial intelligence framework. The outcomes will transform critical operational safety of merchant shipping, fishing, defence, offshore energy assets, rescue services
GRN: EP/Z003083/1
Period: 01/12/2024 to 30/11/2026
Funding Source: EPSRC
FICON-AZBs is an interdisciplinary and innovative project in the field of energy storage that aims to synthesize functional inorganic ceramic oxide nanofibers with high flexibility intensity, which can be designed as novel separators in high performance aqueous zincbased batteries (AZBs). This project will be delivered by the fellow, Dr. Zhe Cui, with a strong expertise in energy storage materials and flexible nanofibers, under the supervision of Dr. Guanjie He, who has a strong track-record in AZBs. This fellowship will provide new expertise and training on: 1) synchrotron radiation and XCT characterization; 2) advanced AZIB technologies; 3) professional development for academics. The fellow will bring his knowledge of nanofiber and energy storage that will complement the project and enhance the current expertise of the host
GRN: EP/X027511/2
Period: 01/04/2024 to 28/02/2026
Funding Source: EPSRC
Today, mobile devices such as smartphones and wearables are usually powered by batteries, while a data connection to the internet is provided by radio frequency (RF) signals. The need for the daily charging of our mobile devices is considered a hurdle to scale the number of internet of things (IoT) connections and the large-scale introduction of new devices such as augmented and virtual reality (AR/VR) and industry 4.0 applications. At the same time, the demand for higher data rates and ultra-low latency data connections is set to increase in future sixth generation (6G) cellular networks. The GreenCom project will address both requirements jointly. We are developing optical wireless communication systems that achieve a 10 times higher data rate compared to current wireless systems, while the system harvests energy from the data link as well as the ambient light. The project will unlock new potentials for energy-efficient, ultra-high speed, and ultra-low latency wireless connectivity. The ambitious goals of this project are achieved through an international collaboration with the German Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems (ISE) who are world-leading in the development of energy efficient photovoltaic (PV) cells. ISE will develop unique semiconductor devices for combined power harvesting and data reception with unprecedented photovoltaic conversion efficiency and digital data reception capability. The University of Strathclyde's LiFi Research and Development Centre (LRDC) will develop the communication techniques, algorithms and protocols to facilitate optimum energy harvesting and ultra-high data rates and ultra-low latency in a multiuser environment. Scalability of both harvested power and data rates will be achieved by creating parallel transmission links separated in space and by means of different wavelengths. This partnership will create new applications in the fields of future sustainable mobile wireless communications (including optical wireless fronthaul, optical wireless backhaul) as well as smart wireless devices for the Internet of Things (IoT), the Internet of Senses and Industry 4.0 applications, and thereby lay the foundation for a new research area. Joint experimentation within the project will push the performance boundaries of optical wireless multiuser links and will set a new benchmark for simultaneous harvested power and transmitted data rates with 1 W harvested power at 10 m distance and 10 Gb/s link data rate, respectively.
GRN: EP/W031221/2
Period: 01/02/2024 to 13/02/2026
Funding Source: EPSRC
Nuclear power is low-carbon and green energy. It presently provides about 10% of the world's electricity and 20% of the UK's electricity, contributing enormously to global Net Zero emissions. Nuclear power will continue to play an important role in the global transition to a low carbon economy. However, one major disadvantage of nuclear power is that its generation process produces radioactive waste that can remain hazardous for hundreds of thousands of years. Over the past more than 60 years' utilisation of nuclear power in the UK and worldwide, many radioactive wastes have accumulated, most of which are stored temporarily in storage near nuclear power plants. It is vital for us to deal with the waste to protect human health and the environment. A global consensus has been reached in this area, that is to isolate radioactive waste that is incompatible with surface disposal permanently in suitable underground rock formations (i.e., host rocks) by developing a geological disposal facility (GDF). As also set out in the 2014 White Paper, the UK Government is committed to implementing geological disposal, with work on developing this led by Radioactive Waste Management Ltd (RWM).Developing a GDF relies on a stable rock formation to ensure mechanical stability and barrier function of host rocks. It is therefore essential to understand factors that influence the integrity of rocks. This is challenging partially because of the complexity of rock fractures that are widespread in the Earth upper crust. Although rock mechanical behaviour has a long record of study, attempts to understand the role of fractures on rock deformation still has unresolved issues. For example, natural rock fractures are often dealt with crudely; almost all previous studies of this problem assume rock fractures to be continuous, with zero or very small cohesion that can be neglected. However, it is almost a ubiquitous feature that natural rock fractures in the subsurface are incipient and heterogeneous, with considerable tensile strength and cohesion. This is either due to secondary minerals having recrystallised, bonding fracture surfaces together, or due to rock bridges.This INFORM project will focus on mineral-filled fractures (i.e., veins) that are frequently seen in the subsurface but often ignored or less researched so far. The aim of INFORM is to increase confidence in the design, construction, and operation of GDFs, by developing a mechanics-based multi-scale framework to understand the influence of fracture heterogeneity on the integrity and deformation behaviour of rocks across scales. The framework will integrate imaging analysis, laboratory experiments, numerical modelling, and field observations, to (1) determine factors contributing to fracture heterogeneity across scales, (2) understand the shear and triaxial deformational behaviour of veined rocks considering natural fracture geometry and heterogeneity, and (3) develop a field-scale model for repository structures considering fracture heterogeneity. Unlike most previous studies, which have focused on the influence of mechanical fractures on rock behaviour, INFORM will for the first time investigate the influence of natural veins, and will consider and implement these observations in the modelling of veined rock behaviour applied to a GDF. INFORM will "inform" a wide range of audiences with new insights through correlating micro-scale observations and macro-scale deformation of heterogenous veined and fractured rocks. This will be possible with the strong support of our academic and industrial partners (RWM, UK; Jacobs, UK; Northeastern University, China; GFZ, Germany; Stanford University, USA) and the help of our well-designed outreach and publication plans. INFORM will lead to a more accurate and reliable examination of fracture heterogeneity, which will not only directly benefit GDF R&D, but also broader rock engineering applications (e.g., tunnelling, cavern construction)
GRN: EP/Y017951/1
Period: 01/09/2024 to 31/08/2027
Funding Source: EPSRC
With the need for the development of novel hydrogen-compatible combustion devices, physical understanding of the flame behaviour and the identification of thermoacoustic instabilities at relevant combustor operating conditions for hydrogen-air swirl flames will help speed up the development of hydrogen combustors, in line with the UK government's net-zero vision. The proposed research will offer potential benefits to industry and contribute to the progress of science in the areas of fluid dynamics, turbulence and net-zero combustion. These include (i) An advanced Direct Numerical Simulation (DNS) database for hydrogen-air premixed swirl flames under representative combustor operating conditions. (ii) A comprehensive understanding and a detailed analysis of the behaviour of the Precessing Vortex Core (PVC) under non-reacting and reacting flow conditions. (iii) Identification of the combustor operating conditions for which hydrodynamic/thermoacoustic instabilities exist. (iv) An in-depth analysis on extinction strain rates and heat release rate for lean hydrogen premixed flames. The outcomes of this project will offer knowledge on the flame stability limits and will contribute to the development of hydrogen based power generation and propulsion devices (e.g. gas turbines used for power generation and aircraft engines).
GRN: EP/Z002060/1
Period: 01/10/2024 to 30/09/2026
Funding Source: EPSRC
Long-wavelength near-infrared light-emitting diodes (NIR LEDs) emitting beyond the 900 nm threshold play a pivotal role in diverseapplications such as night vision, biomedical imaging, sensing, and optical communications. Presently, NIR emitters predominantlyrely on III-V epitaxial hard inorganic semiconductors like GaAs and AlInGaAs. However, the intricate and demanding high-temperatureprocessing involved escalates their costs and curtails their seamless integration into multifunctional photonic platforms.Consequently, significant endeavors have been directed towards devising alternative soft NIR emitters that surmount thesechallenges. In recent developments, tin-halide perovskites (THPs) have emerged as highly promising candidates for NIR-LEDapplications. The emission range of THPs can be effortlessly fine-tuned from 680 nm to 1000 nm through facile compositionengineering. Moreover, the use of low-toxicity Sn-based perovskites aligns with the principles of the European Green Deal, whichseeks to reduce pollution and amplify safeguards for human life, animals, and plants. The project (MaPoTED) endeavors to propel thedevelopment of NIR-LEDs by pioneering novel strategies that amplify carrier injection and recombination efficiency. The dopingdensity will be manipulated by controlling the molecular additives, as well as the crystal grain growth. The outcomes of this projectwill contribute to the advancement of knowledge in the field of NIR emissive semiconductors, extending their significance to variousother communities, including solar cells, transistors, and photodetectors. This will be achieved by integrating deep knowledge ofmaterials science with expertise in photo-physics in the host (Optoelectronics Group, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge).After training in this project, I will have an increased set of research and transferable skills and competencies, which is critical to enhancing my employability and career prospects
GRN: EP/Z001897/1
Period: 16/09/2024 to 15/09/2026
Funding Source: EPSRC
The development of efficient, low-cost, and durable doped semiconductors including photovoltaics, light-emitting diodes (LEDs) andtransistors will be central to the EU goal of reaching net-zero CO2 emissions by 2050. Taking photovoltaics as an example, the mostimportant aspects for commercialization are the power conversion efficiency (PCE), cost, and durability, which can be combined intothe levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) often expressed in euros per kilowatt hour. Multi-junction and bifacialphotovoltaics are therefore attractive because they enable power conversion limits associated with monofacial single junctions to besurpassed, lowering the LCOE. MoDCons represents a departure from the broadly adopted strategy of "trial and error", instead drivingdevice engineering strategy with fundamental understanding. Dr Westbrook will achieved this by designing a multi-modalmicroscopy toolkit capable of quantifying photophysical, chemical, and structural information on the microscale, in next-generationsemiconductors. He will deploy this toolkit to understand the structure-function relationships that underpin dopant formation inmixed-metal halide perovskites, with implications for photovoltaics and other optoelectronics. Finally, he will use the multi-modalmicroscopy toolkit to drive the device engineering of bifacial all-perovskite tandem solar cells to >30% efficiency and >1000h stability.A major academic and industrial effort towards commercialization of next-generation photovoltaics and optoelectronics is currentlyunderway with its epicenter in Europe. Therefore, the postdoctoral fellowship represents a timely opportunity to return DrWestbrook from the United States to strengthen Europe's base in research and development. Through MoDCons, Dr Westbrook will gain vital skills in device engineering, microscopy and management, securing his future independent academic career
GRN: EP/Z002494/1
Period: 02/09/2024 to 01/03/2026
Funding Source: EPSRC
We will develop spray coated solar cell technology and explore the direct deposition of high efficiency perovskite solar cells onto curved surfaces. Sush devices will add minimal weight to the surface on which they are coated and will allow energy to be generated in locations close to where it is being used, for example on the roof or body of an electric vehicle, or the cladding that is attached to the surface of a building. Our preliminary measurements suggest such a mass penalty to be around 5 grams per square metre and therefore such solar cells will add relatively little overall weight of an electric vehicle (EV), but will be capable of trickle-charging the car's battery when it is parked in the sunshine. The low weight nature of our technology is expected to be particularly important for EV applications, as reduced weight extends their maximum driving range. The carbon fibre composite materials on which we spray-cast solar cells will also be light-weight, rigid and strong and will be of importance in building applications as they could be retro-fitted as cladding to older buildings that are unable to support the weight of relatively heavy conventional solar cell devices based on silicon.This research will build a unique toolbox of manufacturing process for the production of solar cells based around ultrasonic spray-coating. The process has recently been demonstrated at small 'lab-scale'. Our aim is to scale-up this technology, making it more repeatable and increasing the efficiency by which the solar cell converts light to electricity (the so-called power conversion efficiency). The surface on which we will spray-coat devices is of critical importance; surfaces have to be very smooth and contain a low rate of imperfections. Existing research has mainly targeted glass surfaces which are very smooth, however a process to spray-coat solar-cells onto carbon fibre composites having appropriate surface requirements will be developed. This process development will enable the transfer of this technology to a variety of other composites and can be expanded to include other emerging manufacturing methods. The research will culminate in the creation of a demonstrator device that will be fabricated over a non planar carbon-fibre surface. We plan to show the demonstrator to potential end users and build a collaboration network that will further develop this technology and drive it towards commercialisation
GRN: EP/Z002117/1
Period: 01/10/2024 to 30/09/2026
Funding Source: EPSRC
The proposed fellowship aims to train a talented early-career researcher while contributing to scientific excellence in the EU by developing a novel thermochemical heat storage (THS) system for storing solar energy (Sola-TES). Heat storage is a strategic field for decarbonizing building heating, increasing the utilization of intermittent renewables, and providing building energy flexibility. Among the available heat storage methods, THS offers promising advantages, such as higher energy storage density and long-term (i.e. seasonal) heat storage potential, which motivate the applicant to pursue the Sola-TES design. The proposed system employs a novel closed-loop configuration by incorporating a polymeric fiber heat exchanger-based thermochemical reactor, inspired by fibrous plant roots, and a multi-functional plate heat exchanger that switches between condenser and evaporator functions during charging and discharging cycles. The proposed design overcomes the limitations of low efficiency and poor durability of existing THS systems while providing improved process control. Sola-TES will represent a significant step forward in the field of heat storage, offering technological, economic, and social benefits to the EU while supporting the UN Sustainable Development Goals. To achieve this beneficial technology, during this fellowship, the applicant will design, fabricate, test, and optimize a lab-scale prototype Sola-TES system. Furthermore, novel composite THS materials will be synthesized for use in the proposed system. The project has been carefully designed to align with Dr. Aydin's expertise and the strengths of the host team in THS materials/processes, solar technologies, and low-carbon buildings, facilitating a two-way knowledge transfer and training. The successful completion of this fellowship will contribute to European excellence i
GRN: EP/Y016661/1
Period: 01/10/2024 to 30/09/2027
Funding Source: EPSRC
Micro-scale defects, ranging from several tens to a few hundreds of micrometers, frequently occur in metallic components, yet there is a lack of inspection equipment capable of identifying them. Failure to address the development of these micro-scale defects can result in their progression into macrocracks, leading to the failure of the components. Detecting micro-scale defects at an early stage enables scheduling of maintenance and timely implementation of measures to extend the lifespan of safety-critical infrastructure components. This is especially crucial for the UK's economy, as the country is planning to construct new generations of nuclear power plants designed to last 50 years or more, which intensifies the need for pre-service and in-service inspections of micro-scale defects. Additionally, the UK has nuclear power plants that are either approaching or have reached the end of their intended lifespan and are being considered for life extension. In all cases, early detection of micro-scale defects is essential to enhance the safety and performance of metallic components. In other power plants and high-value manufacturing, there is a comparable need to detect micro-scale defects. For example new hydrogen plants, the focus is on defects caused by high-temperature hydrogen or oxygen attack in pipes, while in high-value manufacturing, the focus is on detecting interlayer micro-scale defects, such as 100 - 300 micrometers wide pores in the additive manufacturing process, which is critical for quality control purposes.Ultrasound is popularly used to inspect defects as it can propagate inside materials and carry information about their condition. However, currently there is no ultrasonic technique available to directly detect micro-scale defects in metallic components. This is because that the material microstructure generates noise with similar amplitudes to the scattered signals from micro-scale defects, making it challenging to distinguish between them directly.The objective of this project is to create new ultrasonic array techniques that can detect and characterise micro-scale defects in metallic components, which is a long-standing challenge in NDT field. To accomplish this goal, ultrasonic models, signal processing techniques, ultrasound imaging algorithms and inverse modelling methods will be developed to analyse the ultrasonic array data from the material microstructures and micro-scale defects.Three work packages (WPs) have been identified:WP1: Array data generation through developed experimental and modelling protocols.WP2: Development of inverse modelling methods for detecting micro-scale defects.WP3: Validation of the proposed methods through case studies of detecting and characterising micro-scale defects in selected metallic components with industrial collaborators.Through the use of these developed ultrasonic array techniques, this project will unlock new understandings and insights into the characteristics and behavior of micro-scale defects in metallic components. The project involves multiple academic fields, including ultrasonics and NDT, mathematical modelling, finite element analysis, and engineering structural integrity. As an interdisciplinary project, it will have impacts in academia with the contributions to finite element models, statistical models, ultrasound imaging algorithms.Through close collaboration with industrial partners, which are Sellafield, EDF Energy, Hitachi, Rolls-Royce, GKN, Shell, TWI, and Lavender International, the project outcomes will provide new inspection tools for detecting and evaluating micro-scale defects in metallic components, thereby enhancing their safety and performance. The project's outcome will support progress toward net zero and energy sustainability of engineering structures, including design for manufacturing and assembly, and sustainable materials management.
GRN: EP/Z002907/1
Period: 01/01/2025 to 31/12/2026
Funding Source: EPSRC
With their power conversion efficiency now surpassing 25% and rivalling those based on conventional silicon, perovskite solar cells(PSCs) offer maximum potential in decarbonising the future energy supply. Nevertheless, the commercialisation of PSCs has generallybeen hindered by their limited stability, often associated with the degradation of constituents triggered by various environmental,mechanical and device-related stressors (e.g. humidity, oxygen, light and flexing), resulting in a device lifespan significantly inferior toconventional PV technologies (e.g. 20 years guaranteed for commercial silicon PV panels). In addition, the decommissioning anddisposal of aged perovskites PV modules can be both costly and environment unfriendly. To overcome these remaining barriers, Rep-PPV aims to develop more sustainable halide perovskite materials and devices capable of regenerating themselves after degradation.These are not only capable of extending their current device lifespan, but also can substantially alleviate the disposal requirements.This will be achieved through a comprehensive understanding and control of the reversible processes responsible for thedegradation of halide perovskite materials (through rational materials engineering) such that the aged products can be turned intofresh devices again, without the need for resource- and energy-intensive decommissioning and replacement. To deliver Rep-PPV, theresearcher's existing expertise will be advanced by receiving trainings on; personal development, supervision and mentoring,materials and device simulation, operation and maintenance of specific research facilities particularly for in-situ study as well as healthand safety. Rep-PPV will establish a new generation of sustainable perovskite PV technologies with built-in recyclability, thereby paving the way for their large-scale and sustainable deployment across a range of application areas
GRN: EP/Z002516/1
Period: 19/09/2024 to 18/09/2026
Funding Source: EPSRC
Improving solar fuel generating technologies and industrial catalysts are two essential aspects of tackling the ever-increasing issue of climate change. Electron bifurcating enzymes are systems which provide a blueprint to tackle both of these areas. SPECIMEN sets out to elucidate the catalytic mechanisms and electron transfer pathways in the electron bifurcating (FeFe)-hydrogenase HydABC from Thermatoga maritima (Tm) via a combination of advanced CW/pulsed electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopies paired with state-of-the-art spectro-electrochemistry (SEC) and biochemical techniques. These advanced physical characterisation techniques, tightly coupled with biochemical methods for manipulating and tailoring samples, provide the most advanced toolkit for identifying and interrogating enzymatic electron transfer pathways, and the key structural/chemical factors that govern their involvement in electron bifurcation. The 44 FeS clusters and four flavin mononucleotide (FMN) sites of HydABC will be exploited to understand the electron bifurcating mechanism in the enzyme. Firstly, the role of FMN in electron bifurcation will be determined by hyperfine spectroscopy (ESEEM, HYSCORE, ENDOR, EDNMR and THYCOS), which will distinguish between the type of FMN radical produced (neutral vs. anionic), elucidating the mechanism. Next, these hyperfine techniques will be employed to investigate how the radical intermediate is stabilised by interactions with amino acid residues of the protein sequence, and the role of conformational changes in this process. Finally, pulsed dipolar EPR spectroscopy will be used to determine how these protein conformational changes operate within the electron bifurcating mechanism, with particular emphasis on the formation of electron transfer pathways, elucidating the synergy between changes in the electronic structure of FMN and the conformation of the protein to achieve bifurcation
GRN: EP/Z003334/1
Period: 01/12/2024 to 31/05/2026
Funding Source: EPSRC
Due to the increasing penetration of renewable energy and the urgent need set out by our society to achieve net zero targets, there has been an increase in the prominence of DC microgrids. These are relevant in many important applications such as renewable energy parks, autonomous microgrids to facilitate integration of renewable energy sources, data centres, satellites as well as emerging applications such as electric ships and aircrafts.Despite the improved efficiency DC microgrids can provide there are various challenges associated with their operation that need to be addressed. In particular, due to the intermittency of renewable energy and the need for a stable operation under various network configurations, plug-and-play operation is an important property that needs to be maintained. This is, however, a highly non-trivial property to achieve that lies outside more conventional control design approaches.As part of research carried out in the ERC grant HetScaleNet novel methodologies for achieving a plug-and-play operation in DC microgrids have been proposed with significantly reduced conservatism. Our aim with this proof of concept grant is to take these results to the next level in terms of their impact and exploitation. In particular, we will aim to validate these novel approaches via advanced case studies and disseminate those to stakeholders in industry. This will have a long term impact in the energy sector, allowing to realize such microgrids with a plug-and-play operation that will facilitate the efficient integration of renewable energy and the achievement of net zero targets
GRN: EP/Z002354/1
Period: 01/07/2025 to 30/06/2027
Funding Source: EPSRC
In the development of wearable and flexible electronics, the demanding requirements for ultrathin, lightweight, and textile interfaced wearable sensor systems create challenges in power supply and in designs for low power operation. To date, most portable and wearable electronic devices are powered by conventional electrochemical Li-ion batteries, which are extremely restricted in their lifetime, sustainable operation, and environmental issues. There is a need to develop manufacturing processes that easily translate from prototyping to production and back whenever there is a need for customizing the technology. There is also a need for materials that would enable these technologies to be scaled up so that they became real products rather than prototypes or proofs-of-concept. TENG-NISPW will address cutting-edge research in material science, engineering, and physics, which will rely on the realization of TENG based on conductive nanomaterial inks. TENG-NISPW will take advantage of the precision with which 2D-TMDCs can be tailored by ink routes, and from the versatility with which their surface functionalities can further influence their electrical properties. This project has the ambition to transform the scenario of wearable energy technologies by developing a conceptually new class of high performance TENG. This breakthrough will exploit an unexplored synergy of 2D-TMDCs and device design drawing on flexible substrates. In particular, this proposal explores for the first time the combination of (i) novel fabrication methods with (ii) conceptually innovative functionalization and (iii) unprecedented device geometries. We will exploit solution-processable routes to deposit 2DTMDCs and surface engineering to further influence their electrical properties
GRN: EP/Z000238/1
Period: 03/06/2024 to 02/06/2025
Funding Source: EPSRC
The Solar Aviator project seeks to demonstrate a lightweight solution to develop light-powered and wireless electronic devices used by defence personnel for communication and data acquisition. The Royal Airforce require an ongoing energy source for ground troops who secure and protect airfields. Such operations require ground troops to carry a lot of heavy kit. Additionally, wherepersonnel are in the field and battery energy sources run out, light weight solar energy sources would help maintain contact on operations such as an evacuation. We have developed a solution to this operational need: printable solar cells which can be deposited on fabric, plastic, or foil for integration into portable electronic devices or wearable technology under various light conditions. Thisproject exploits recent results proving that the power generated under ambient light by a high efficiency photovoltaics with the area equivalent to a mobile phone can power sensors and IoT devices. We now propose a wearable self-powered communication technology.
GRN: EP/Z003024/1
Period: 01/09/2025 to 31/08/2027
Funding Source: EPSRC
Achieving highly efficient perovskite solar cells that can withstand temperature variations is a critical goal in photovoltaic research forcommercialisation. Temperature fluctuations are encountered in various environments and can significantly impact the performanceand stability of perovskite materials. In ELASTIC project, our primary objective is to optimise the crystallisation process of perovskitesto enhance both bulk and surface crystal quality. By precisely controlling reaction conditions, we aim to minimise crystal defects andpromote the growth of high-quality perovskite crystals. This will result in reduced charge recombination losses and improvedphotovoltaic performance. Furthermore, we will investigate the behaviour of perovskite crystals under varying temperatureconditions and thermal cycling. By gaining insights into the stability mechanisms, we seek to develop strategies to enhance the longterm stability of perovskite solar cells, even under extreme temperature variations. This endeavor holds an intrinsic training aspect. Aswe delve into these complexities, our team cultivates expertise in advanced materials characterisation, crystal engineering, andstability assessment. This empowers our researchers to meaningfully contribute to sustainable energy innovation and enhance theskills and knowledge. Our research aims to pave the way for highly efficient perovskite solar cells that can withstand real-worldenvironmental conditions, ensuring their practical and widespread application in renewable energy systems. The outcomes of thisproject will contribute to the advancement of perovskite optoelectronic devices, bringing us closer to a sustainable future powered by efficient solar energy technology
GRN: EP/Y031253/1
Period: 01/01/2024 to 31/12/2027
Funding Source: EPSRC
Electrochemical energy storage (EES) is crucial in the carbon-neutral future. Nevertheless, the current battery value chain has significant risks, especially concerning the supply of critical raw materials. eNargiZinc aims at developing new knowledge, technology and commercially exploitable products related to innovative and affordable next-generation EES devices, targeting long-term sustainability through the use of abundant and renewable materials and low environmental impact production processes. A rigorous training-through-research programme for eleven Doctoral Candidates (DCs) -eight DCs funded by the EU and three DCs funded by the UK national funding agency (UKRI)-has been designed through an interdisciplinary and intersectoral approach, involving studies on all the essential parts needed to develop sodium-ion batteries, zinc-air batteries, and zinc-ion batteries/supercapacitors. The research within eNargiZinc will focus on developing sustainable electrode materials (biomass-derived carbons and their composites, redox-active polymers, hybrid transition metal oxides, and interphases for anode-less concepts), electrolytes (solid-state and gel-polymer types), and, especially, on integrating all the developed components into full cells at an industrially-relevant scale. A Personalised Training Package for each DC will be tailored to allow them to acquire the required skills over the three years of employment within the network. To this aim, secondments to other partners (especially in the non-academic sector), training in complementary skills, and network-wide training events will be implemented. The consortium, which is composed of six beneficiaries and twelve associated partners, is addressed to achieve the objectives of eNargiZinc and is based on excellence, synergy and complementarity. Industrial partners will play a key role in the network, by providing the DCs with exposure to the private sector and access to industrially-relevant facilities, which are essential to validate the findings obtained at lab-scale
GRN: EP/Z001889/1
Period: 17/06/2024 to 16/06/2026
Funding Source: EPSRC
There is currently an urgent need to achieve renewable based power grids, as a result of the environmental impact of fossil fuel generation as well as due to economic considerations. Wind energy has a significant role to play for the realization of renewable based grids. Nevertheless, achieving a high penetration of wind energy in power grids while retaining an efficient and reliable operation, is a non-trivial problem as a result of the complexity of wind energy systems.In particular, wind power generation is a multi-stage power conversion process, from wind energy to mechanical energy, DC electric power, and then AC electric power. Many models in the literature focus on only parts of this process which is inadequate to achieve a good performance when there is a high penetration of wind generation. Furthermore, potential undesirable oscillatory interactions between the diverse wind energy systems in a power grid further complicates their integration requiring advanced control mechanisms to be implemented.The proposed project aims to address this problem starting with the development of an advanced model for wind energy systems that incorporates its aggregate mechanical and electrical dynamics. This will then be used a basis for designing advanced control strategies for wind energy systems with a grid forming role that will ensure an efficient operation when there is a a large-scale integration of those in a power grid. The work will build upon the existing expertise of the fellow in power electronics and power systems and expertise in control engineering and power system dynamics of the host institution, so as to address this important multidisciplinary problem that is crucial for the realization of renewable based power grids
13/06/2024
5 new projects added
GRN: EP/Y035542/1
Period: 01/07/2024 to 30/09/2032
Funding Source: EPSRC
The ESPRC Centre for Doctoral Training in Renewable Energy Northeast Universities Plus (ReNU+) is a transformative programme that will train a new generation of Doctoral Carbon Champions (DCCs) who are characterised by scientific and engineering excellence and capable of interdisciplinary systemic thinking to accelerate Net Zero. The outcome from ReNU+ will be that DCCs will meet critical needs in high-skill employment across industry, policy, education and government and convert key challenges in resilience and equity into economic opportunities for the United Kingdom. This will be achieved through a professionally accredited training programme in a thriving environment of research excellence led by Northumbria, Newcastle and Durham universities.The 2023-2035 energy landscape sets a compelling context for ReNU+ and in particular, the need for future leaders in this space in the United Kingdom. Locally generated renewable energy will provide the UK with increased energy security and critically important additions in electricity capacity to meet domestic and industrial demands. This is only one piece of the landscape however, which also includes sustainability (e.g. critical materials supply), resilience (e.g. climate change mitigation) and an equitable transition to Net Zero, which offers both economic and health benefits. The absorptive capacity for ReNU+ DCCs is partly evidenced by the forecast of 694,000 new UK jobs in the low carbon and renewable energy economy by 2030 (source: UK Local Government Association). The ReNU+ training programme has a core focus on developing key skills that facilitate understanding of and engagement with the wider Net Zero system including investment, regulation and end-user engagement. It will become a reference for high-skill training in Net Zero that redefines the role of scientists and engineers as critical catalysts for decarbonisation who deliver impact well beyond technology. ReNU+ identifies a critical link between equality, diversity and inclusivity and decarbonisation and includes key innovations to leverage this link. Consequently, DCCs will also develop societal and citizenship values as they become living examples of the future workforces to enable an equitable and sustainable transition to Net Zero. This approach has been validated by our partners who have co-designed and will co-deliver the ReNU+ training programme. This support includes national and local Government, multinational companies, small-to-medium enterprises and charity organisations
GRN: EP/Y035453/1
Period: 01/07/2024 to 30/09/2032
Funding Source: EPSRC
The aim of this Centre for Doctoral Training (CDT) is to equip students with essential interdisciplinary skills needed by industry and to deliver cutting edge research in the area of superconductivity. The unique properties of superconducting materials mean that they can deliver revolutionary technologies which will help to decarbonize our energy production and improve healthcare. Superconductors are also an essential component in many quantum devices such as those used for quantum computing.The promise of limitless carbon free power promised by magnetically confined plasma nuclear fusion reactors can only be realised using superconducting magnets. Other major applications under development, which also will contribute to reducing carbon emissions include superconducting cables for electrical power transmission, light and powerful motors and generators for electric and hybrid power aircraft, superconducting magnetically levitating trains and high efficiency generators for wind-power generators. Development, manufacture, and deployment of these technologies needs people with the skills our CDT will deliver.Superconductors are also an essential component in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) machines used for medical diagnosis and this forms the majority of the current £7 billion per annum market in superconductors that is projected to double by 2030. Development of improved superconducting materials will transform MRI both in terms of reducing cost and thereby availability and enabling higher magnetic field strengths that increase resolution and enhanced diagnostic capabilities.We will capitalize on the UK's established leadership in superconductivity through the development of a CDT with cohort-based training that will engender teamwork and an interdisciplinary approach in close collaboration with industry and international research facility partners. This is crucial to drive the development of these groundbreaking superconducting technologies and to empower our graduates with the combination of technical and personal skills sought after by industry.The CDT brings together graduate superconductivity training in the Universities of Bristol, Oxford and Cambridge across their Physics, Material Science, Engineering and Chemistry departments. The CDT is created in partnership with 26 industrial companies, international research institutions and other educational institutions. Our training programme includes lecture-based learning, extensive practical training in relevant techniques and experimental methods as well as real-world experience at implementing the knowledge gained within projects based at one of our partners.The CDT will form a nucleus for the UK superconductivity community offering training and networking opportunities to those outside of the CDT.
GRN: EP/W005247/2
Period: 01/02/2024 to 31/08/2024
Funding Source: EPSRC
The direct numerical simulation (DNS) of turbulence and related phenomena, e.g. combustion, remains one of the great challenges in the mathematical and physical sciences. The range of length- and time-scales involved is significant, with extremely fast, finely structured, many-species reaction processes interacting non-linearly with large-scale turbulent motions. High-order numerical methods can provide efficient resolution but current approaches are based on high-order finite differences or (pseudo-)spectral methods, which are not well suited to complex geometries, and hence the study of real turbulence applications is very limited. The development of high-order numerical schemes for non-trivial geometries is of clear benefit to the numerical modelling and combustion communities. The aim of this project is to develop a promising new mesh-free framework for high-order DNS of turbulent reacting flows in arbitrarily complex geometries. Very recent developments of a high-order mesh-free method - the Local Anisotropic Basis Function Method (LABFM) - show promise in providing considerable geometric flexibility as well as high-order accuracy (e.g. 10th order in space). The intention of this feasibility study is to lay the foundations for the next generation of DNS codes, in a meshless framework, enabling simulations of flame-turbulence-structure interactions hitherto impossible. In the longer term this will result in a greater understanding, both fundamental and in application, of turbulent reacting flows, and will support the development of related technologies, such as hydrogen production at scale, cleaner combustion, and low calorific gas utilisation.
GRN: EP/Y017471/1
Period: 01/05/2024 to 30/04/2028
Funding Source: EPSRC
Decarbonisation of the UK's energy system will require substantial action at a regional and local level. Therefore, the UK's energy system is growing rapidly to a more decentralised model by 2050 with a great level of small-scale electricity and heat generation at the distribution level, where wind and solar renewable energies will play a large role. However, the intermittent nature of these renewable sources presents a great challenge in energy generation and load balance maintenance to ensure stability and reliability of the power network. This highlights the need for electricity storage technologies as they provide flexibility to store excess electricity for times when it is in demand. The majority of recent installations deploy fast response electricity storage systems (e.g. batteries) with short-duration electricity storage (minutes-days) and short-discharge duration of up to 4 hours. However, technologies with long-duration electricity storage (days-weeks) and medium-duration discharge of over 4 hours, with negligible capacity and efficiency degradation are required to ensure power supply security in all weather conditions (e.g. wind or solar energies are not available for several days).There are several possible technologies for long-duration energy storage, e.g., pumped-hydro storage, liquid air energy storage and compressed air energy storage (CAES). Among them, adiabatic CAES systems (ACAES) has the lowest installed energy capital costs (2-50$/kWh) for a wide range of storage applications from micro scale (few kW) to large scale (few MW). In conventional ACAES systems, the electricity is used to compress air in compressors, generating high levels of heat during the process. The heat of the compressed air is removed at the outlets of the compressors and stored in a thermal energy storage (TES) unit, while the cool compressed air is stored in a cavern at depths of hundreds of metres. To discharge the energy on demand, the cool compressed air heats up in the TES before expansion in turbines to generate electricity.Despite its promising features for decarbonising the electricity power system, there are major challenges which hinder further development of ACAES systems, including (1) limitations on the underground geology, (2) low roundtrip efficiency and (3) thermal and structural challenges on the TES unit because of high-temperature air at the outlets of the compressors. This proposal aims to address these major challenges through development of an affordable micro-scale co-generation near-isothermal and adiabatic CAES system with overground air storage vessels (micro-Ni-ACAES). The system utilizes near-isothermal and high-efficiency compressor/expander devices, TES and heat exchanger units based on an innovative composite phase change material and air storage vessels. The project will perform a fundamental experimental and modelling analyses to gain deep insight into the flow and thermal fields in the near-isothermal compressors/expanders as well as charging and discharging kinetics of the TES unit. Both isochoric and isobaric storage processes will be analysed. These fundamental studies will lead to efficient designs of the micro-Ni-ACAES system components and further support the development of a thermodynamics-based design tool. The design tool will be used to identify the system's optimum operating condition and control strategy for steady-state and dynamic operations of the system. Additionally, the project will include a techno-economic and environmental impact assessment in order to evaluate the economic viability of the system, as well as CO2 abatement and fossil fuel savings over the system's lifetime. The proposed high efficiency co-generation micro-Ni-ACAES systems are believed to be the future of the CAES technology, eventually culminating in decentralised microgrid power network in application to district energy network or commercial sectors (e.g. business parks).
GRN: EP/Z533130/1
Period: 01/07/2024 to 30/06/2026
Funding Source: EPSRC
SuperAIRE aims to establish a world-leading network connecting academia, industries, and policymakers across the spectrum of artificial intelligence (AI) for renewable energy (RE), particularly wind, solar, marine, and bio energy. This includes generation, storage, transmission/distribution and demand side management. These represent most of the research areas in the UKRI's Energy and Decarbonisation theme. With SuperAIRE, we aim to create the conditions in which AI for RE can be promoted much more rapidly than at present to boost the development and deployment of RE. We will not only exploit the transformative power of AI in different RE subsectors but also address common challenges and optimise performance across the RE ecosystem. Supported by a broad partnership currently with 30 partners across industry (23), leading R&I organisations (5), and policymakers (2), we will incubate a Supergen AI+RE research community seizing the opportunity to enhance the UK's role as a global leader in the intelligent and digital transformation of the RE sector.Despite the recent growth in all subsectors, progress in essential technologies supporting the lifecycles of RE systems lags behind. AI offers strategic advantages in overcoming the limitations of traditional methods which struggle to process the increasing complexity and big data in RE systems. It will enable decision-supporting digitalisation, operational efficiency optimisation, cost-effective integration, multi-scenario adaptability, and technological cross-applicability. Though there are some current critical masses in AI for RE, the communities are facing many challenges, e.g., the fragmented nature of the landscape, subsystem isolation, and limited scope. SuperAIRE will address these challenges by enabling shared learning on common research challenges in different RE subsectors through promoting novel generic approaches complemented with refinements tailored to subsector's unique needs; forging a holistic view to facilitate system-wide AI applications; and fostering comprehensive solutions that go beyond single-task focuses to exploit the full potential of AI in enhancing the RE ecosystem.SuperAIRE will carry out diverse activities to engage with stakeholders, facilitate knowledge exchanges, catalyse community coherence, identify cross-sector opportunities, address skill gaps, support nurturing high-skill professionals with multidisciplinary expertise, and disseminate project outcomes. These activities include four key challenge workshops, bimonthly seminars, flexible funds, outreach activities, an international conference, etc. SuperAIRE will support early career researchers (ECRs) from both academia and industry via a dedicated ECR Forum, a mentoring scheme, secondment opportunities, and ECR grants. We will emphasise Equality, Diversity and Inclusion in all activities. Based on the current critical mass and emerging gaps and opportunities, we have also proposed six pre-defined research themes (RTs) to steer our Network+ activities, especially in guiding discussions, identifying challenges and opportunities, streamlining research coordination efforts, shaping a research landscape report, and developing a whitepaper. This includes RT1 Robust and trustworthy AI; RT2 Prediction and forecasting across scales; RT3 AI-powered digital twins; RT4 Intelligent control and management; RT5 Smart integration; and RT6 Intelligent robotics and autonomous systems in resource assessments, operations, and maintenance. Bolstered by strong support from project partners, we will consolidate core achievements and pursue the establishment of a new Supergen Hub in AI for RE at the end of SuperAIRE. Through these endeavours, we aim to enhance the efficiency, resilience, and affordability of RE, ultimately transforming the RE sector and addressing environmental challenges via AI
05/06/2024
6 new projects added
GRN: EP/Y035429/1
Period: 01/10/2024 to 31/03/2033
Funding Source: EPSRC
Meeting emerging science and engineering modelling challenges requires scientists who can master complex theory and simulation techniques, can assimilate data, and can collaborate in multidisciplinary teams with expertise across a range of modelling scales. Securing the UK's position as a world-leading research hub into the future therefore requires a well-integrated pool of researchers with a skillset that is both broad and deep.HetSys is leading the way in addressing these needs by producing students with the tools necessary to meet the challenges of the future through our training programme. We are training the scientists who will develop the next generation of computational models, implemented in reusable software with robust error bars from uncertainty quantification (UQ), and who can learn from experimental and simulated data on an equal footing through advances in 'scientific machine-learning' (SciML). Linking heterogeneous materials models with UQ allows performance to be improved, enabling the technology needed to reach net zero through a step-change in design capability. The ongoing AI revolution has necessitated a redesign of our training programme to enable us to build on what we learnt during the first funding period and deliver our new vision. In particular, changes to our core training enable our students to (i) embed robust and sustainable research software engineering (RSE) in modelling; (ii) quantify modelling uncertainties through enhanced use of statistical methods; and (iii) exploit new trends in scientific machine learning.The research focus of HetSys on new paradigms in the behaviour of heterogeneous materials remains vital for the competitiveness of the UK's high-value manufacturing and automotive industries. Prominent examples of challenges we are addressing include the design of (i) energy materials for future vehicles with reduced carbon footprints; (ii) low dimensional and/or strongly correlated materials for quantum devices; (iii) high entropy alloys for fusion applications; (iv) biomolecules for combatting infectious diseases. Historically, the modelling pattern has focused on just one length- or time-scale; HetSys transforms this landscape by explicitly targeting the multiscale modelling of heterogeneous systems required by industry. The expertise we have accumulated opens up opportunities to capitalise on the transformative combination of mechanistic modelling with data-driven approaches (SciML). This requires a broader combination of disciplinary expertise, provided through our enhanced bespoke training programme.Only a cohort approach can train high-quality computational scientists who can develop and implement new modelling methods in close collaboration with other scientists. The cohesive, interdepartmental cohorts and training programme we are creating lower many of the current barriers to interdisciplinary work and demonstrate our vision for the future of scientific endeavour, where teams of researchers work together to combine their skills and expertise. Only a critical mass of students and a large and highly collaborative team of supervisors makes this targeted and fully inclusive training approach feasible. HetSys supports the delivery of EPSRC's Physical and Mathematical Sciences Powerhouse strategic priority, helping to provide the platform on which research and innovation across the sciences is built.
GRN: EP/Z002710/1
Period: 01/05/2024 to 30/04/2026
Funding Source: EPSRC
Improving the efficiency of Solar PV is the single most important enabler in reducing electricity costs and accelerating the deployment of this crucial renewable technology. The use of functional nanolayers in solar cells has been the single most important upgrade that enabled record-breaking efficiencies above 25%. To fully reach the potential of functional nanolayers, a physical, chemical, and mechanistic understanding of the interfaces is imperative. The recent focus on efficiency and rapid development has led to a 'trial and error' optimisation approach to improving performance, leading to a limited understanding of the underlying mechanism. This limited knowledge is constraining further enhancements of functional nanolayers, limiting the efficiency at around~26% for the last 9 years for single-junction silicon solar cell. In NanoPED, the focus is to develop an understanding of the physical structure as well as the device properties. The goal is to identify the structural changes and physical mechanisms that govern the operation of interfaces in solar cells, strategically linking the synthesis and processing to the atomic structure of functional nanolayer materials. By understanding the connection between the nanostructure and device operation, NanoPED will enable the rational design of these ground-breaking materials, providing ultimate control over the interface chemistry. Ultimately, opening a path to higher efficiencies for various solar cell structures. This will significantly reduce the price of solar energy, paving the way for accelerated adoption and delivering much-needed reductions in carbon dioxide emissions to address climate change concerns. This interdisciplinary project will build upon the fellow's strong engineering background into a high-level material science. This project will provide the fellow valuable experience and advanced expertise to pioneer new and advanced materials for optoelectronics devices
GRN: EP/Y020596/1
Period: 15/05/2024 to 14/05/2027
Funding Source: EPSRC
In recent years, machine intelligence (MI) based on artificial neural networks has made enormous progress, entering almost all spheres of technology, economy and our everyday life. However, much of the field's current growth is reliant on an ever-increasing consumption of computational power, and as a consequence electrical power. This growing demand for larger and faster systems is unsustainable, even with the current focus on developing bespoke hardware for MI processes. Today's data centres already consume about 2% of the total power generated worldwide. This number is growing exponentially; IBM vice president of research, Mukesh Khare, extrapolated in 2019 that the power consumed by neural networks could exceed the world's electricity production by 2040. We must therefore urgently look for fundamentally new computational principles to drive MI.A promising solution to this problem is to use light, rather than electrons, as the primary carrier of information in artificial neural networks. In optical neural networks (ONNs) the wave properties of light - coherence and superposition - can streamline the "matrix multiplication" operation (the most computationally expensive operation in MI), thereby offering a new route to greatly enhance computational speeds, with dramatically lower power consumption.This project aims to advance a crucial component of the ONN: the activation function (AF). This nonlinear function is applied to each neural unit as information passes through the multiple layers of a "feedforward" neural network, serving as a "gasket" between the layers of matrix multiplications. In principle, the AF role can be played by any nonlinear optical element. In practice, however, implementation of large ONNs with purely optical AFs is challenging due to losses, lack of flexibility and error accumulation.Here we will use organic semiconductor devices to provide the activation function, with circuits of photodiodes and OLEDs transforming and transferring the signal between optical layers. This will allow us to condition the signal at each layer and correct for possible errors, while still exploiting the advantages of light propagation for the computationally expensive steps. OLED displays in smart phones can contain millions of emitters, and so the concept is potentially scalable to very large ONNs capable of performing very complex computational tasks.The project is a collaboration of two groups. The PIs at the University of St Andrews are leaders in organic semiconductor optoelectronics and the Oxford PI possesses world-leading expertise in optical computing hardware. The St Andrews group will develop the "activation chips" - integrated arrays applying the AF to multiple optical units. The Oxford group will incorporate these activation chips into ONN systems suitable for various applications. In particular, a conceptually novel ONN system for computer vision will be developed. This system will allow a neural network to "see" and interpret objects directly, bypassing the need for converting an image into an electronic form. Such a system will have ultra-low latency and could find applications in autonomous vehicles, remote sensing and intelligent robotics. We will also use the activation chips to implement the Oxford group's innovative approach to direct training of ONNs, which does not involve digital simulation and hence is both faster and more robust to errors.
GRN: EP/Z002168/1
Period: 01/09/2024 to 31/08/2026
Funding Source: EPSRC
Offshore wind farms (OWFs) have become an important way of renewable energy utilization due to the advantages of rich resources, high utilization hours of power generation, and land saving. The produced power is often transmitted to the onshore power system by modular multi-level converter (MMC)-high voltage DC (HVDC) technologies. Therefore, both sides of the AC tie line between OWF and MMC are interfaced through power electronic devices having high controllability.OWFs often adopt the grid-following controller, and it has two control structures: decoupled current control (DCC) and decoupled sequence control (DSC). They are required to ride through a fault in modern power systems, so some innovative fault ride-through (FRT) strategies must be used so that the fault behaviors of OWFs are significantly different from synchronous generators (SGs).In addition, the MMC has two typical control modes: voltage-frequency (VF) control and grid-forming control. The control objective of the MMC is to provide a voltage and frequency reference for the OWF-MMC system. When the traditional VF control is used, the MMC does not have the current limiting function, so the MMC is easily blocked within an extra short time due to overcurrent if a fault occurs. To limit the fault current and control the system voltage, the grid-forming controller has been developed and become a research hotspot. However, the research on fault characteristics of the OWF-MMC system and their impact on protection performance is still in its infancy. Some incidents have happened outside and within the European Union (EU) since the protection scheme is not configured well. In the UK, the world's largest operating offshore wind farm-Hornsea was disconnected from the onshore grid in 2019 due to the wrong operation of the protection system. During this accident, the system frequency declined below 49 Hz and almost one million people across England and Wales experienced blackouts. Some blackouts and equipment damage have also been reported in the Germany Bard1 project partly due to improper protection and control configurations. Therefore, protection technologies for the OWF-MMC system are extremely important to maintain power supply reliability, device safety, and grid stability
GRN: EP/Z533129/1
Period: 01/07/2024 to 30/06/2026
Funding Source: EPSRC
A recent study by UK universities found that cooling currently accounts for 10-20% of the country's energy consumption, and the demand for cooling is expected to increase several-fold in the coming years. The Imperial College's Demand.ninja model shows that London is experiencing the fastest increase in cooling demand worldwide, mainly due to frequent and severe heatwaves. A separate study from the University of Oxford warns that the UK is unprepared for a 30% relative increase in cooling demand, the third-largest globally, after Ireland and Switzerland. Additionally, emerging sectors such as hydrogen production require significant cooling for efficient storage and distribution, with the production of ammonia as a hydrogen carrier being a high cooling demand process at 2.8 GJ/ton-ammonia.Cooling is an energy intensive practice. If we continue to use grid electricity to power cooling systems, along with the increasing demand for other uses like electric vehicles, the grid will become significantly strained, hindering its decarbonisation. The Reef-UKC network aims to lead research in discovering the next generation of renewable energy technologies to meet the growing demand for cooling. We'll undertake evidence-based, multidisciplinary research using pump-priming funds and networking activities to leverage renewable energy sources for cooling. Our research will maximise system-level integration benefits while addressing the unique challenges of the UK's economic, environmental, societal, behavioural, and political contexts. Since cooling is a multidimensional challenge, we will focus on several fronts (F) to achieve our goals.F1: Develop efficient renewable-powered cooling system-level solutions to meet the existing and future demand for cooling, specifically in rapidly growing sectors, e.g., Hydrogen, data centres.F2: Consider environmental and social impacts and behavioural changes.F3: Contemplate Cold economy, business modelling, sustainability, and design for circularity.F4: Integrate the developed solutions with the developed cooling (and potentially heating) networks approaches by other research initiatives. F5: Develop policies and regulatory frameworks to incentivise the adoption of the technology packages and communication with the UK government and local authorities
GRN: ES/Z502728/1
Period: 01/10/2024 to 30/11/2027
Funding Source: ESRC
It is widely recognised that low density development is unsustainable and generates significant Green House Gases (GHGs). Nevertheless, most UK development is built on greenfield land where public transportation is poor and services are scarce. If the UK is serious about 'net zero', then new ways of planning and developing are urgently required.'Urban retrofit' is defined as repairing existing places by adapting urban form to reduce energy consumption and carbon emissions, protect the environment and support sustainable lifestyles. Changes to the layout of neighbourhoods are starting to be delivered, including via infrastructure programmes such as separated bike lanes, planning policies that encourage high-densities, and community-based projects like urban greening.The problem is that implementation is slow, fragmented and increasingly controversial. Investment often flows to affluent places rather than communities in the greatest need of support, and the principal actors in the UK's planning and development systems face various delivery challenges. Planning authorities struggle with institutional inertia and time-limited funding meaning retrofitting is poorly coordinated. Property developers stick to tried and tested business models to reduce risk resulting in a preference for low density, mono-use greenfield development rather than mixed-use projects on brownfield land. Communities face capacity challenges and place adaptation is often contested. If the UK is to meet its net zero targets and achieve a just transition, then urban retrofitting must be prioritised, equitably directed and implemented more effectively.URBAN RETROFIT UK will be led by the UK Collaborative Centre for Housing Evidence and coproduced with international, national and local planning, property and community partners, including in five UK core cities - Belfast, Bristol, Cardiff, Glasgow and Sheffield. Its aim is to examine the barriers to urban retrofitting, challenge the prevailing growth-logic of planning and development, and coproduce a conceptual framework plotting the critical points of intervention needed to scale up retrofitting through planning and development systems. The objectives are to:Conduct a global evidence review on urban retrofit informed by international partners and a study tour.Identify and investigate a series of urban retrofit cases in collaboration with local authority partners to understand what is working and pinpoint where implementation gaps could be closed.Work with partners to understand where the spatial inequalities of current urban retrofit practice lie and how the barriers to 'scaling up' effective and equitable practices could be addressed.Establish an international URBAN RETROFIT HUBS network between UK and Global North cities facing comparable place-adaptation challenges and initiate new two-way learning partnerships with Global South cities where the context for urban retrofit is different but opportunities exist to explore lesson-sharing. To maximise knowledge exchange across sectoral boundaries and between places, URBAN RETROFIT UK's findings will be shared throughout the project at jointly delivered events with UK partners and internationally via the URBAN RETROFIT HUBS network. New theoretical perspectives on the UK's planning and development systems and coproduced empirical evidence on urban retrofit will be shared through an international symposium and evidence review, a report, film and magazine articles, and academic outputs including articles and an edited book
29/05/2024
7 new projects added
GRN: EP/Z001501/1
Period: 08/07/2024 to 07/07/2026
Funding Source: EPSRC
This project aims to develop a real-time opportunistic maintenance strategy for Floating Offshore Wind Turbines (FOWTs) to support reductions in operation and maintenance costs and unplanned downtime, as well as maximization of energy production efficiency. Specifically, a failure information transformation framework will be developed to transfer failure information from other types of wind turbines (onshore and fixed bottom) and used for FOWTs. This is due to the abundance of failure datasets for other wind turbine types compared to that of FOWTs. The framework will analyze the differences in failure characteristics of multiple types wind turbines and provide new cumulative failure datasets of offshore wind turbines, enhancing the data foundation of the wind energy sector. Subsequently, a novel maintenance process simulation tool coupled with scientific algorithms will be created to simulate the maintenance processes of FOWTs accurately and reliably, including non-standard lifecycle datasets. The model will address non-standard failure and repair operations for FOWTs, supporting the generalization of maintenance process simulation. Additionally, an opportunistic maintenance process determination framework will be constructed to provide an offline maintenance strategy for FOWTs. The model works in real-time and is capable of dynamically capturing opportunistic maintenance windows, removing restrictions of maintenance strategy planning introduced by low accessibility and insufficient maintenance experience. The project will provide the floating wind sector with new knowledge regarding operation and maintenance, coupled with the development of new datasets, simulation tools, and new maintenance concepts. Overall, the outcomes of the project will contribute to operational and maintenance cost reduction, maximizing energy production efficiency, and reducing the unplanned downtime of FOWTs and wind farms in general
GRN: EP/Y035631/1
Period: 01/04/2025 to 30/09/2032
Funding Source: EPSRC
The EPSRC CDT in Net Zero Aviation in partnership with Industry will collaboratively train the innovators and researchers needed to find the novel, disruptive solutions to decarbonise aviation and deliver the UK's Jet Zero and ATI's Destination Zero strategies. The CDT will also establish the UK as an international hub for technology, innovation and education for Net Zero Aviation, attracting foreign and domestic investment as well as strengthening the position of existing UK companies. The CDT in Net Zero Aviation is fully aligned with and will directly contribute to EPSRC's "Frontiers in Engineering and Technology" and "Engineering Net Zero" priority areas. The resulting skills, knowledge, methods and tools will be decisive in selecting, integrating, evaluating, maturing and de-risking the technologies required to decarbonise aviation. A systems engineering approach will be developed and delivered in close collaboration with industry to successfully integrate theoretical, computational and experimental methods while forging cross theme collaborations that combine science, technology and engineering solutions with environmental and socio-economic aspects. Decarbonising aviation can bring major opportunities for new business models and services that also requires a new policy and legislative frameworks. A tailored, aviation focused training programme addressing commercialisation and route to market for the Net Zero technologies, operations and infrastructure will be delivered increasing transport and employment sustainability and accessibility while improving transport connectivity and resilience. Over the next decade innovative solutions are needed to tackle the decarbonisation challenges. This can be only achieved by training doctoral Innovation and Research Leaders in Net Zero Aviation, able to grasp the technology from scientific fundamentals through to applied engineering while understanding the associated science, economics and social factors as well as aviation's unique operational realities, business practices and needs. Capturing the interdependencies and interactions of these disciplines a transdisciplinary programme is offered. These ambitious targets can only be realised through a cohort-based approach and a consortium involving the most suitable partners. Under the guidance of the consortium's leadership team, students will develop the required ethos and skills to bridge traditional disciplinary boundaries and provide innovative and collaborative solutions. Peer to peer learning and exposure to an appropriate mix of disciplines and specialities will provide the opportunity for individuals and interdisciplinary teams to collaborate with each other and ensure that the graduates of the CDT will be able to continually explore and further develop opportunities within, as well as outside, their selected area of research. Societal aspects that include public engagement, awareness, acceptance and influencing consumer behaviour will be at the heart of the training, research and outreach activities of the CDT. Integration of such multidisciplinary topics requires long term thinking and awareness of "global" issues that go beyond discipline and application specific solutions. As such the following transdisciplinary Training and Research Themes will be covered:1. Aviation Zero emission technologies: sustainable aviation fuels, hydrogen and electrification2. Ultra-efficient future aircraft, propulsion systems, aerodynamic and structural synergies3. Aerospace materials & manufacturing, circular economy and sustainable life cycle4. Green Aviation Operations and Infrastructure5. Cross cutting disciplines: Commercialisation, Social, Economic and Environmental aspects 75 students across the UK, from diverse backgrounds and communities will be recruited
GRN: EP/Y035445/1
Period: 01/04/2025 to 30/09/2032
Funding Source: EPSRC
The EPSRC Centre for Doctoral Training in Robotics and AI for Net Zero (RAINZ CDT) is a new CDT in Robotics and AI (RAI) which will train and develop the next generation of multi-disciplinary robotic systems engineers. These engineers will be trained in both research and commercialization of RAI, and will help revolutionise lifecycle asset management of critical infrastructure in support of the UK's Net Zero Strategy. The research focus of the CDT will be on how RAI can provide step-changes at each stage of the lifecycle of Net Zero energy generation assets through the adoption of new innovative technologies, workflows, etc., which will increase safety, reduce costs, and enhance the overall viability of such systems. Initially there will be a focus on the use of RAI in operations & maintenance, through inspection, maintenance, and repair activities, and the decommissioning of infrastructure in renewables (wind, solar, geothermal, tidal, hydrogen) and nuclear (fission and fusion). The research in the CDT will also support the decarbonization of these phases for assets across a diverse range of sectors. The scope of research will expand through the lifetime of the CDT to address the other lifecycle phases: Design, Logistics, Construction and Recycling.The RAINZ CDT is a partnership between three of the UKs leading Universities and represents an unparalleled critical mass of complimentary end-to-end robotic systems research capabilities, facilities and sustainability expertise. It has been co-created with leading industrial partners in the Net Zero sector to address the national challenge that "advanced robotics requires highly skilled workers such as engineers, leading to a need to train new workers".RAI used in the energy sector are often deployed into complex, hazardous and high-value environments, but significant barriers, both technological and cultural, are limiting its estimated economic yield to £0.6B gross value added (GVA) by 2035 instead of a potential £23B GVA. Overcoming these barriers is a key focus of this CDT. In addition to addressing a vital national need, it will support local initiatives, such as the Blenheim Palace Solar Farm in Oxford. It will also support the levelling-up agenda across the three host cities, as well as in West Cumbria through the Robotics and AI Collaboration (RAICo) facility, which has been established to build an innovation pipeline for new RAI solutions in both the nuclear and other sectors. The RAINZ CDT will adopt an innovative cohort training and research model to ensure graduates are not only subject matter experts, but have highly valuable skills in teamworking, multi-disciplinary systems integration, industrial engagement, and commercialisation. Each cohort will be recruited to conduct research directed towards an industry co-created cross-sector challenge which will evolve for each new cohort. Cohort 1's challenge will be Autonomous Environmental Interactions in Constrained Environments. PhD projects for each cohort will be co-created with industry to address gaps in enabling science and technologies through both fundamental and applied research. Robots are highly complex systems drawing on a diverse range of research areas. Whilst RAINZ students will undertake their own individual research, it will be significantly enhanced through collaborations with others. There will be annual research sprints where the cohort will come together to demonstrate elements of their research on industry defined demonstrator scenarios. The CDT will create an innovation pipeline that will produce high-quality, highly skilled and employable Robotic Systems Engineers with an aim that at least 50% - 75% of the graduates are employed in robotics industries. It has an ambition to have supported the creation of 5 spin-out companies and the submission of at least 5 Fellowship proposals
GRN: EP/Y035119/1
Period: 01/07/2024 to 31/03/2033
Funding Source: EPSRC
A consortium of the Universities of Edinburgh, Exeter, Strathclyde and Swansea supported by the Scottish Association for Marine Science (SAMS) will run the Industrial Centre for Doctoral Training for Offshore Renewable Energy (IDCORE). This partnership offers a unique combination of experience in research, development and knowledge-exchange with major industry stakeholders in the Offshore Renewable Energy (ORE) sector. This is complemented by the extensive experience with ORE projects of both SAMS, in the environmental and societal impacts, and the Fraser of Allander Institute (Strathclyde), in macro- and micro-economics.The large scale deployment of ORE technologies is key to the UK achieving its net-zero carbon energy objectives while, at the same time, delivering secure, reliable and affordable energy. Both of these objectives must be achieved with minimal environmental impact. This requires the continuing development of new techniques and technologies to design, build, install, operate, and maintain energy generating machines in a hostile marine environment. Successful ORE projects must be affordable and minimise their environmental impact. Success will create green jobs at all levels in coastal communities across the UK and generate significant economic impact. The ORE sector, which includes companies ranging from world-leading technology development SMEs (like Orbital Marine Energy and MOcean Energy) through to international energy companies as well as engineering majors, consulting engineers and project developers, is creating a massive demand for highly trained scientists and engineers with a broad skill base.The consortium is ideally-placed to support the industry in meeting these challenges through a conjoined infrastructure, which begins in some of the best academic research centres with leading test facilities and extends through a unique combination of demonstration facilities, ultimately to test and deployment sites. IDCORE will conduct internationally leading research, provide a vibrant training environment and deliver a body of high-quality post-doctoral staff for the sector. This proposal presents a revised training programme in response to changes in the sector (particularly the rapid growth of offshore wind, the commercialisation of tidal stream energy, and the drive to develop floating wind systems for deeper water). It also includes Swansea University for the first time, strengthening our links to developments in the Celtic Sea and bringing significant expertise in computational modelling and aerodynamics. IDCORE provides a solid background in professional, technical and transferable skills to a diverse cohort of students drawn from a wide variety of STEM backgrounds. It is designed to deliver a tightly-knit cohort of highly-skilled graduates, forming a strong foundation for the future development of the sector. Our training is innovative and multi-disciplinary, using a variety of delivery methods and unique facilities, including: the Kelvin hydrodynamics lab, FastBlade, the FloWave Ocean Energy Research Facility, offshore measurement systems (Wave and ADCP measurement array and surveying), the South West Mooring Test Facility, accelerated fatigue testing facilities (DMAC), survey vessels and field study areas. Through established links with partner organisations including the ORE Catapult and the European Marine Energy Centre (EMEC), students will be placed and, wherever possible, site-trained in large-scale test facilities, prototype demonstration and small-farm demonstration sites. The training will also benefit from the extensive experience of the consortium in advanced engineering analysis and simulation, and access to UK-leading computational facilities. The training package offered by the centre provides our students with unparalleled engineering experience in applied offshore renewable energy R&D
GRN: EP/X036065/1
Period: 01/06/2024 to 31/05/2027
Funding Source: EPSRC
Energy security and supply is of utmost importance in today's society and it is abundantly clear that nuclear fission will play an increasing critical role in delivering the net zero carbon agenda by 2050. A significant challenge for nuclear fission in the UK is its nuclear legacy, resulting from over 60 years of civil nuclear power generation and nuclear weapons production. This nuclear 'clean-up', including the decommissioning of legacy nuclear facilities and the long-term disposal of radioactive wastes, will cost upwards of £230bn and is a multi-generational project. To be able to progress safely, securely and efficiently with nuclear decommissioning and waste disposal, it is crucial to understand the underpinning chemistry of radionuclides within radioactive wastes. This project aims to deliver a step-change in fundamental understanding of uranium chemistry - a key component of radioactive waste management. Understanding uranium behaviour, e.g. uranium solubility and mobility, in engineered and natural environments is key to the safe decommissioning of legacy nuclear facilities and the long-term disposal of radioactive wastes. These systems are dynamic, with changes in chemistry likely to occur over the lifetimes of legacy nuclear and disposal facilities. It is therefore essential to understand how these changes in chemistry will impact on uranium behaviour in nuclear decommissioning and disposal scenarios including in deep geological disposal conditions. This fellowship will combine electrochemistry and advanced X-ray spectroscopies to investigate industrially and environmentally relevant reactions of uranium for the first time.Uranium behaviour is controlled by its oxidation state and the presence of complexing ligands, chemical species which are present in groundwaters and other solutions that come into contact with uranium-containing systems. These ligands can strongly bind uranium and stabilise solid- or solution-phase uranium species, significantly altering its behaviour. Changes in reduction/oxidation (redox) conditions can therefore have a significant impact on the behaviour of uranium and the chemical processes underlying these changes are not fully understood. These underlying chemical processes, or 'redox pathways', can control the eventual fate of uranium and the presence of different complexing ligands may significantly alter these redox pathways. Therefore, it is important to understand these fundamental processes to gain a holistic understanding of uranium chemistry and behaviour in dynamic systems where changes in redox and solution conditions may be expected. This fundamental understanding can then inform radioactive waste handling strategies and nuclear decommissioning approaches, promoting the safest and most efficient approaches to dealing with the nuclear legacy.In this fellowship, an electrochemical cell will be used to control the redox potential in experimental systems to change the oxidation state of uranium. Using a range of techniques, the changes in chemical bonding environment and oxidation state will be monitored during these reactions. The goal here is to produce controlled reactions whereby the changes in uranium chemistry at the molecular level can be probed during these key redox pathways, creating a step-change in the understanding of uranium redox chemistry in the presence of key complexing ligands. This analysis will be done using a multi-technique approach, measuring concentrations of uranium in solution and the chemical form of uranium in both the solid and solution phases. X-ray spectroscopy will be a key technique for analysing the chemical speciation, shedding new light on crucial reaction pathways occurring in these highly relevant systems.
GRN: EP/Z533117/1
Period: 01/07/2024 to 31/12/2026
Funding Source: EPSRC
Electrical engineering, through power electronics, machines and drives, underpins all renewable electricity generation, conversion and integration. The drive to achieve higher power and higher efficiency, use more sustainable materials, and provide greater control and reliability for next generation renewables relies on rapid step changes in technology for the underlying power electronics, machines, drives and control systems (PEMD). The drive for improved efficiency in industry alongside the increasing electrification of transport and heating and cooling is encouraging the development of PEMD in academia and industry. The UK government and industry are building the skills, knowledge and supply chain to support these sectors, but sustainable renewable generation is making slow progress towards the PEMD technology that is needed to underpin next generation renewables.N-ZEEE will bring together for the first time the diverse and disparate research activity in emerging electrical engineering for next-generation renewables to form a coherent community of engineers that can empower significant change in the approach to this critical and enabling field. N-ZEEE will be a community of academia, industry, policy makers and wider stakeholders to ensure cross-sector technology transfer in addition to renewables-specific developments that will enable next generation wind, marine, photovoltaic and novel future energy generation and allow the UK to deliver its energy and climate priorities and pioneer underpinning PEMD research.The N-ZEEE Network will enable the transition to future PEMD generation, conversion and integration technologies by:1. Building a strong academic and industrial research community focused on delivering next-generation-enabling PEMD technologies by fostering new relationships and building on established relationships to grow an extensive and coherent network of knowledge, research and practice.2. Providing a network of research excellence in enabling PEMD technology leading to a Supergen Hub of excellence in PEMD whilst enhancing existing and future sector-focused Supergen Hubs. The current hub model has a patchwork of narrowly-focused PEMD research into application-specific technology; instead, N-ZEEE will provide a centre of critical mass that can be tapped into by existing and future sector-specific Hubs.3. Creating a Network within which cross-cutting themes will strengthen the UK's ability to develop next-generation-enabling PEMD technology for renewable generation, conversion and integration. The Network will nurture the integration of ideas between different PEMD fields (e.g. electric automotive and aviation), creating a community that can make the rapid progress required to achieve net-zero within the critical timescales.4. Providing support for early career researchers to build solid relationships and develop their networking expertise so that they can drive forward future research in enabling electrical engineering. The early career researchers of today will be supported to become the research leaders of tomorrow. 5. Providing a forum for doctoral students researching PEMD within existing application-focused Centres for Doctoral Training (CDTs) to come together to share ideas and develop their networks in an open and constructive environment (e.g. Aura, IDCORE, Sustainable Electric Propulsion, ReNU)
GRN: EP/Y53058X/1
Period: 01/04/2024 to 31/03/2029
Funding Source: EPSRC
Technology critical metals (TCMs) are pivotal to achieving Net Zero goals. These metals include for example lithium, cobalt, rare earths and platinum group metals. TCMs are deemed to be "critical" because they are economically important but at risk of short supply. The UK Government's Net Zero Strategy: "Build Back Greener" (2021) highlights the supply of these materials as a key challenge for the UK's energy transition and the need for a circular economy in these materials. They are used in wind-power, EV motors and batteries, LEDs, solar-cells and the hydrogen economy.The Government's (2022) Critical Minerals Strategy, "Resilience for the Future", emphasises the importance of these materials and the global supply-chain pressures. The UK's first critical mineral list identified 18 elements as TCMs (British Geological Survey, 2022).Currently, recycling rates for TCMs are very low, for example < 5% for neodymium , used in rare earth magnets ("Critical Raw Materials Resilience" EU report). There are a number of reasons for this, including a lack of specific incentives or legislation, current product designs often impede separation, in some applications there is a very low concentration of the critical material, often the value chains are fragmented, and current recycling processes, designed for bulk metals, are rather crude resulting in the finely distributed TCMs being lost in a linear economy.The overarching aim of RECREATE is to develop a circular economy for TCMs, keeping the materials or components in the highest value form with the lowest environmental footprint. The project brings together three of the leading research institutes in the UK (Universities of Birmingham, Leicester and Edinburgh) who each specialise in different technologies for the extraction and re-use or recycling of TCMs. The project includes leading industrial and public-sector players and policy makers, all involved in the drive to create a circular economy for critical materials in the UK. The research is informed by a system-wide perspective derived from a deep understanding of the industrial challenges for recycling of these materials, and of the governance structures that drive a circular economy. This project will undertake low TRL transformative research to generate radical improvements in automated sorting, "short loop" recycling, pyrometallurgical and chemical processes with reduced environmental impact, biological processes for dilute effluents, and new materials and product-designs which make re-use or recycling easier. Ultimately the project is developing a toolbox of technologies which can sense, sort, separate and re-use or recycle a broad range of TCMs from a wide range of products. These new technologies will be benchmarked using life cycle and techno economic assessment and the legislative drivers for a circular economy will be explored.
22/05/2024
4 new projects added
GRN: EP/Y035089/1
Period: 01/04/2025 to 30/09/2033
Funding Source: EPSRC
Quantum Technology is based on quantum phenomena that govern physics on an atomic scale, enabling key breakthroughs that enhance the performance of classical devices and allow for entirely new applications in communications technology, imaging and sensing, and computation. Quantum networks will provide secure communication on a global scale, quantum sensors will revolutionise measurements in fields such as geology and biomedical imaging, and quantum computers will efficiently solve problems that are intractable even on the best future supercomputers. The economic and societal benefit will be decisive, impacting a wide range of industries and markets, including engineering, medicine, finance, defence, aerospace, energy and transport. Consequently, Quantum Technologies are being prioritised worldwide through large-scale national or trans-national initiatives, and a healthy national industrial Quantum Technology ecosystem has emerged including supply chain, business start-ups, and commercial end users.Our Centre for Doctoral Training in Applied Quantum Technologies (CDT-AQT) will address the national need to train cohorts of future quantum scientists and engineers for this emerging industry. The training program is a partnership between the Universities of Strathclyde, Glasgow and Heriot-Watt. In collaboration with more than 30 UK industry partners, CDT-AQT will offer advanced training in broad aspects of Quantum Technology, from technical underpinnings to applications in the three key areas of Quantum Measurement and Sensing, Quantum Computing and Simulation, and Quantum Communications.Our programme is designed to create a diverse community of responsible future leaders who will tackle scientific and engineering challenges in the emerging industrial landscape, bring innovative ideas to market, and work towards securing the UK's competitiveness in one of the most advanced and promising areas of the high-tech industry. The quality of our training provision is ensured by our supervisors' world-class research backgrounds, well-resourced research environments at the host institutions, and access to national strategic facilities. Industry engagement in co-creation and co-supervision is seen as crucial in equipping our students with the transferable skills needed to translate fundamental quantum physics into practical quantum technologies for research, industry, and society.To benefit the wider community immediately, we will make Quantum Technologies accessible to the general public through dedicated outreach activities, in which our students will showcase their research and exhibit at University Open Days, schools, science centres and science festivals.
GRN: EP/Y035739/1
Period: 01/04/2024 to 30/09/2032
Funding Source: EPSRC
The scientific discipline of fluid dynamics is primarily concerned with the measurement, modelling and underlying physics and mathematics of how liquids and gases behave. Almost all natural and manufactured systems involve the flow of fluids, which are often complex. Consequently, an understanding of fluid dynamics is integral to addressing major societal challenges including industrial competitiveness, environmental resilience, the transition to net-zero and improvements to health and healthcare. Fluid dynamics is essential to the transition of the energy sector to a low-carbon future (for example, fluid dynamics simulations coupled with control algorithms can significantly increase wind farm efficiency). It is vital to our understanding and mitigation of climate change, including extreme weather events (for example in designing flood mitigation schemes). It is key to the digitisation of manufacturing through 3d printing/additive manufacturing and development of new greener processing technologies. In healthcare, computational fluid dynamics in combination with MRI scanning provides individualised modelling of the cardio-vascular system enabling implants such as stents to be designed and tested on computers. Fluid dynamics also shows how to design urban environments and ventilate buildings to prevent the build-up of pollutants and the transmission of pathogens.The UK has long been a world-leader in fluid dynamics research. However, the field is now advancing rapidly in response to the demand to address more complex and interwoven problems on ever-faster timescales. Data-driven fluid dynamics is a major area where there are rapid advances, with the increasing application of data-science and machine learning techniques to fluid flow data, as well as the use of Artificial Intelligence to accelerate computational simulations. For the UK to maintain its competitive position requires an investment in training the next generation of research leaders who have experience of developing and applying these new techniques and approaches to fluids problems, along with professional and problem-solving skills to lead the successful adoption of these approaches in industry and research.The University of Leeds is distinctive through the breadth, depth and unified structure of its fluid dynamics research, coordinated through the Leeds Institute for Fluid Dynamics (LIFD), making it an ideal host for this CDT. The CDT in Future Fluid Dynamics (FFD-CDT) will build on the experience of successfully running a CDT in Fluid Dynamics to address these new and exciting needs. Our students will carry out cutting-edge research developing new fluid dynamics approaches and applying them across a diverse range of engineering, physics, computing, environmental and physiological challenges. We will recruit and train cohorts of students with diverse backgrounds, covering engineering, mathematical, physical and environmental sciences, in both the fundamental principles of fluid dynamics and new data-driven methodologies. Alongside this technical training we will provide a team-based, problem-led programme of professional skills training co-developed with industry to equip our graduates with the leadership, team-working and entrepreneurial skills that they need to succeed in their future careers.We will build an inclusive, diverse and welcoming community that supports cross-disciplinary science and effective and productive collaborations and partnerships. Our CDT cohort will be at the heart of growing this capability, integrated with and within the Leeds Institute for Fluid Dynamics to deliver a dynamic and vibrant training and research environment with strong UK and international partnerships in academia, industry, policy and outreach.
GRN: EP/V042033/2
Period: 01/04/2024 to 31/08/2025
Funding Source: EPSRC
The UK has set a target to reach net zero emissions by 2050. Heat accounts for nearly half of the UK's energy consumption. Among several possible solutions, heat pumps are considered as one of the most promising technologies for decarbonising the domestic heating sector. Among all heat pumps, air source heat pumps (ASHP) are the most cost-effective option for householders. the Committee on Climate Change (CCC) recommends mass deployment of heat pumps to comply with the net zero target, and their net zero 'Further Ambition' scenario includes the deployment of 19 million heat pumps in homes by 2050. However, the uptake of heat pumps in the UK is very low at present. In 2018, heat pump sales in the UK were around 27,000 units (most are ASHPs), significantly lower than other EU countries. This represents a grand challenge for the government, industry, business, and research communities.There are a number of technological and non-technological barriers hindering the wide uptake of heat pumps, particularly air source heat pumps in the UK. There is a mismatch between the current ASHP products and the existing infrastructure and property configuration. Over 80% of houses in the UK use gas boilers for space heating, so their heat emitters (i.e., radiators) are designed for high temperature heat supply using gas boilers. However, most ASHPs available in the market have a relatively low heat production temperature. Secondly, ASHPs are vulnerable to ambient conditions. Their heating capacity and coefficient of performance drop dramatically as the ambient air temperature falls. Furthermore, frost starts to build up at the surface of the outdoor unit when the air temperature drops to around 6 C, so the outdoor units have to be regularly defrosted. Non-technical barriers have also played an important role behind the low uptake of heat pumps. The current UK heat pump market suffers from high capital cost and a low awareness of the product.This project, based on the PI's pending patent (Application number: 2015531.3), aims to develop a novel flexible, multi-mode air source heat pump (ASHP). This offers energy-free defrosting and is capable of continuous heating during frosting, thus eliminating the backup heater that is required by current ASHPs. We will address the key technical and non-technical challenges through interdisciplinary innovations. Our project is also supported by leading industrial companies with substantial contributions (e.g. the compressor). The developed technology offers energy-free defrosting and can be operated at different modes to benefit from off-peak electricity and/or warm air during the daytime. It will be much more energy-efficient than the current products, and thus could facilitate rapid uptake of air source heat pumps, making an important contribution to the decarbonisation of the domestic heating sector in the UK.
GRN: EP/Y014952/1
Period: 01/07/2024 to 30/06/2029
Funding Source: EPSRC
Harvesting the energy of sunlight offers a realistic, clean and sustainable solution towards energy generation with net-zero carbon emissions. Such aspiration has created an urgent need for a powerful catalogue of new inorganic or hybrid semiconductors to serve as cheap, efficient and stable light-harvesting materials for solar energy conversion. Particularly desirable are semiconductors enabling low energy pay-back time of fabricated light-harvesting devices, for example by material deposition from solution, low-temperature vapour deposition, or self-assembly of nanoscale building blocks. Intriguingly, many of these materials have recently been found to straddle the boundaries of "traditional" hard inorganic semiconductors (e.g. silicon) and classic "soft" molecular solids, opening up a complex array of exciting new fundamental science. The unusual properties displayed by such materials, including structural flexibility, strongly anharmonic lattice potentials, ionic migration, nanoscale assembly, or complex charge-screening processes are still poorly understood despite their critical impact on electronic properties and hence device performance.The overarching scientific aim of this Open Fellowship is to provide a paradigm shift in our fundamental understanding of the charge-lattice interactions that govern such effects. Specifically, the programme will reveal how interactions between photogenerated charge carriers and their surrounding ionic lattice affect parameters such as charge-carrier mobilities and recombination, and light-driven lattice instabilities that are critical to performance in energy-harvesting devices. Materials explored will expand from an initial selection of semiconducting metal halides, chalcohalides, metal chalcogenides, bisimides, and antimonides. Through observations across grouped materials clusters, this Fellowship programme will link charge-lattice interactions to attributes such as stoichiometry, electronic and structural dimensionality, lone-pair chemistry, structural flexibility, vibrational and dielectric response, lattice softness and anharmonicity, and ionic mobilities. Importantly, an examination of charge-lattice interaction across such a vast range of semiconducting materials in unison will enable patterns to be discernible that could not be discovered through work carried out on isolated materials. Through a powerful combination of advanced spectroscopic and structural techniques, this Fellowship will establish clear correlations and mechanisms linking core properties critical to efficient light-harvesting with basic material properties at an atomistic, electronic and structural level. This ambitious programme will further co-ordinate activities across a large number of Project Partners and collaborators, inspiring new synthetic activity and providing design tools urgently needed for computational materials screening. Overall, this Fellowship will tackle the complex array of exciting fundamental science arising in "soft" inorganic and hybrid semiconductors, seeking to develop new understanding to bridge the gap between existing models for well-established hard and soft semiconductors. The resulting discoveries will provide a blueprint for light-harvesting materials, guiding and accelerating the development of next-generation inorganic and hybrid crystalline semiconductors for the net-zero carbon transition. In addition, this Fellowship will serve as a springboard for advocacy in in the Net Zero area, through interactions with stakeholders, including policy makers, industrial partners, research councils, and learned societies. The Open Fellowship will also be leveraged to create an effective mentoring network for women in energy research in order to widen the talent pool in an area vital to planetary and human health
15/05/2024
17 new projects added
GRN: EP/Y000935/1
Period: 01/05/2024 to 30/04/2026
Funding Source: EPSRC
Universal access to a secure electricity supply is essential for the economic development and welfare of the population of Burkina Faso. Rapid urbanisation and an increased use of air conditioning (AC) has led to an 8.4% annual increase in the country's electricity demand since 2010. The nation's generation capacity is unable to keep up, resulting in frequent power outages, and a 45% dependence on energy imports creating high and volatile costs for consumers.An uninterrupted and affordable electricity supply would increase household incomes; improve education of children; save time and money collecting alternative fuels, particularly for women; improve the productivity of businesses; and accelerate the installation of new electricity connections. These direct benefits would reduce current rates of social and economic poverty, unemployment, illiteracy and emigration in the country.Upgrading the country's electricity generation and supply system is a long-term challenge, but in the short-term, our project partners, the Government of Burkina Faso and national electricity utility, SONABEL, believe the implementation of demand side management (DSM) programmes (electricity efficiency and flexibility) in the housing sector (which accounts for 33% of national electricity use) would better balance supply and demand and unlock these beneficial development outcomes.The Government has also committed to reduce electricity demand and improve energy efficiency in homes to cut Green House Gas emissions and help mitigate the effects of climate change, a phenomenon that disproportionately effects the Sahel region where Burkina Faso is located and is itself further exacerbating electricity demand as households are increasingly using AC to stay cool.However, at present, there is almost no data on household electricity demand, efficiency or flexibility in Burkina Faso for a successful, evidence based implementation of DSM. The aims and objectives of this research and partnership building project will address this substantial gap in knowledge. The project has been developed collaboratively with the Government of Burkina Faso and SONABEL to ensure the research delivers the data and evidence they need.For the direct research, a socio-technical residential electricity study will be undertaken with 100 households in Ouagadougou. Field measurements of electricity demands and internal temperatures of homes will provide empirical insights into households' electricity load profiles, use of AC, time-of-use and peak loads. An efficiency and flexibility survey will be completed to understand households' current practices and opportunities for improving energy efficiency at home, as well as identifying load shifting and curtailment actions that households would be willing to implement to prevent power outages. Diversity in responses due to the socio-technical characteristics of the households and dwellings will be studied.Simultaneously a range of partnership building activities (e.g. research visits, project meetings, workshops, mini conference) will be undertaken. These are tailored to the stage of the project programme to either inform the delivery of the direct research or form a platform for discussion, dissemination and impact generation of the research findings.An international network of 6 Universities will be created where future research on energy and development challenges in Burkina Faso and other African countries will stem. The network will also act as a platform for ongoing mutually beneficial exchange of knowledge and skills. To deliver development impact within the project's life time, workshops with the Government and SONABEL will turn the research findings into evidence based recommendations to inform future policy and DSM programmes. Project partner GGGI will use their extensive network, to engage wider stakeholders and beneficiaries, so a range of routes to impact are achieved
GRN: EP/Y004671/1
Period: 15/03/2024 to 14/03/2026
Funding Source: EPSRC
Engineers use computer tools to design complex structural components, be they airplane wings or high-rise buildings. The most common technique underneath such computer tools is finite element analysis (FEA). For not-so-demanding structural applications, simple linear elastic finite element models are sufficient to conduct the design process. However, when it comes to advanced structural applications such as gas turbine blades or nuclear reactor components, they experience severe loading conditions, which are high temperatures and/or high-pressure dynamic loads (impact). For such high-temperature applications, advanced structural ceramics and their composites are the natural choices of materials. Designing these structures made of ceramics against impact is non-trivial as it involves complex damage evolution mechanisms. Hence, engineers conduct a variety of experiments and large-scale computational (FEA) simulations to understand their behaviour. However, these experiments and simulations are time-consuming and costly. Most often, they have to conduct simple linear elastic FEA models which are far less time-consuming but do not account for complex damage mechanisms. Such a limitation naturally results in a sub-optimal design of these advanced structural components. One of the ways to overcome this challenge is to exploit the potential of artificial intelligence (AI) techniques to see if finite element computer simulations can be accelerated and yet reliably predict complex damage mechanisms.The proposed research addresses this industry-relevant problem and aims to develop an AI-driven accelerated FEA tool to simulate dynamic brittle fracture evolution in advanced structural ceramics. When we use AI models for such physical problems, the inherent problem is their reliability as they are often termed as 'black box modes' leading to uncertainties in their predictions. In this perspective, the proposed project takes a hybrid approach whereby data-driven deep learning models are adaptively combined with physics-based traditional FEA models in an integrated framework, thoroughly validated using experimental testing. Such a hybrid strategy aids in achieving accelerated, yet reliable simulations for complex physical problems such as the dynamic damage evolution in structures made of brittle ceramic materials. More specifically, engineers or end-users can specify the level of the desired accuracy depending on the design stage of the structural component. The adaptive simulation framework will then appropriately hybridise deep learning-based predictor and traditional FEA, resulting in an optimal damage prediction balancing the computational costs and accuracy.The global objective is to equip engineers with the necessary simulation tools whereby both accuracy and speed are ensured. This helps in transitioning the current industrial approach of using simplistic models into adopting AI-driven models that captures complex physical mechanisms, ultimately leading to the efficient and safe design of advanced structural components.
GRN: EP/Y035410/1
Period: 01/07/2024 to 30/09/2033
Funding Source: EPSRC
Cyber-physical risks pose new challenges to the UK security and defence community. Nation state actors are increasingly equipping themselves with tools capable of causing damage to cyber-physical systems. During times of elevated threat, e.g. the Ukraine war, it has become common for such tools to be used in the theatre of conflict, but the risk that they will be used outside the affected region also increases, as does the risk that they will fall into the hands of non-state actors and used more widely than against conventional cyber-physical systems. At the same time, society as a whole is developing a growing reliance on social-media, apps, connected IoT devices and both AI and Mixed Reality. By itself, this also has major security implications leading to high volumes of new crimes that need addressing but, when used in combination with cyber-physical attacks, a qualitatively different form of attack is experienced, known as a hybrid threat because of its similarity to the hybrid cyber/kinetic warfare that has emerged as a feature of recent conflicts.Our team will create a cohort of leaders equipped with specialist skills specifically adapted to tomorrow's cyber-physical risks. They will learn how to (1) manage risks that develop jointly across the cyber and physical domains, (2) reduce risks in one domain by intervening in the other domain, (3) understand how criminal groups protect their interest by operating across domains, and (4) pre-empt the propagation of unintended consequences from one domain to the next. These future leaders will also undertake an intense programme of activities designed to nurture key complementary skills. The eXchange, Lead!, Get it Done, and Next Step schemes will be shaped with our industry partners to address important gaps highlighted in a recent government report: "40% of businesses reported that cybersecurity job applicants are deficient in their complementary skills". Beyond fostering technical expertise, the CDT will help students and partners develop an acute awareness of the wider issues and dilemmas posed by all such work in democratic societies.To deliver an exceptional learning experience, we bring a powerful group of industry partners and academic experts from the engineering, natural and social sciences within a single-site research training centre in London. Academically excellent and pro-active within and between cohorts, the 50+ CDT students will specialise in a range of scientific techniques from at least two of the following four 'cyber-physical risk' themes. These were selected in consultation with students and partners based on their relevance, attractiveness and employment opportunities:1. Futures: forecast how future socio-technical trends will shape the geopolitical implications of cyber-physical risk, understand how to co-design effective control and mitigation measures for different legal, technical, and policy contexts in order to support societal resilience.2. Cyber-physical systems: support regulation of IoT devices, detect 'below the radar' attacks against cyber-physical control systems; contribute to the resilience of critical infrastructures.3. Online Communication: prevent the misuse of social media for disinformation campaigns, detect incitement to hate crime in games, analyse crime related communication on the dark web, etc.4. Simulation and Interaction: develop and apply simulation technologies (e.g., digital twins, VR, XR) for the study of human behaviour in a range of cyber-physical risk scenarios. EPSRC areas directly relevant to the following themes: Artificial intelligence technologies, Building a secure and resilient world, Digital security by design, Digital signal processing, Human communication in information and communication technologies, Human-computer interaction, ICT networks and distributed systems, Image and vision computing, Natural language processing, Operational research, Pervasive and ubiquitous computing
GRN: EP/Y035569/1
Period: 01/04/2024 to 30/09/2032
Funding Source: EPSRC
Our CDT in Inorganic Materials for Advanced Manufacturing (IMAT) will provide the knowledge, training and innovation in Inorganic Chemistry and Materials Science needed to power large-scale, high-growth, current and future manufacturing industries. Our cohort-centred programme will build the skills needed to understand, transform and discover better products and materials, and to tackle the practical challenges of manufacturing, application and recycling.IMAT CDT addresses the 'Meeting a user need' CDT focus area, while also addressing 3 EPSRC strategic priorities: 'Physical Sciences Powerhouse', 'Engineering Net Zero' and 'Quantum Technologies'.'Inorganics' are essential to many industries, from fuel cells to electronics, from batteries to catalysts, from solar cells to medical imaging. These materials are made by technically skilful chemical transformations of elements from across the breadth of the Periodic Table: success is only achievable via in-depth understanding of their properties and dynamic behaviour, requiring systems-thinking across the boundaries of Chemistry and Materials Science. The sector is characterized by an unusually high demand for high-level (MSc/PhD) qualified employees. Moreover, wide-ranging synergies in manufacturing challenges for 'inorganics' mean significant added value is attached to interdisciplinary training in this area. For example, understanding ionic/electronic conductivity is relevant to thermo-electric materials, photo-voltaics, batteries and quantum technologies; replacing heavy metals with earth-abundant alternatives is relevant to chemical manufacturing from plastics to fragrances to speciality chemicals; and methods to manufacture starting from 'natural molecules' like water, oxygen, nitrogen and CO2 will impact nearly every sector of the chemical industry.IMAT will train graduates to navigate interconnected supply chains and meet industry technology/sustainability demands. To invent and propel future industries, graduates must have a clear understanding of scientific fundamentals and be able to quickly apply them to difficult, fast-changing challenges to ensure the UK's leadership in high-tech, high-growth industries. A wide breadth of technical competence is essential, given the sector dominance of small enterprises employing <50 people. The 'inorganic' sector must also meet challenges associated with resource sustainability, manufacturing net zero, pollution minimisation and recycling; our cohorts will be trained to think broadly, with awareness of environmental, societal, legal and economic factors. Our creative and highly skilled graduates will transform sectors as diverse as energy generation, storage, electronics, construction materials, consumer goods, sensing/detection and healthcare.IMAT builds upon the successful EPSRC 'inorganic synthesis' CDT (OxICFM) and (based on extensive end-user/partner feedback) expands its training portfolio to include materials science, physics, engineering and other areas needed to equip graduates to tackle advanced materials challenges. It addresses local, national and international skills gaps identified by our partners, who include companies spanning a wide range of business sizes/sectors, together with local enterprise partnerships and manufacturing catapults. IMAT offers a unique set of training goals in 'inorganic' chemistry and materials - a key discipline encompassing everything made which is not an organic molecule: from salts to composites, from acids/bases to ceramics, from organometallics to (bio)catalysts, from soft-matter to the toughest materials known, and from semi-conductors to super-conductors. A unifying training spanning this breadth is made possible through the strength of expertise across Oxford Chemistry and Materials, and our national partner network. Our goal is to empower future graduates by equipping them with this critical knowledge ready to apply it to new manufacturing sectors
GRN: EP/Y035305/1
Period: 01/10/2024 to 31/03/2033
Funding Source: EPSRC
Lancaster University, together with a formidable consortium of industrial and third-sector partners, proposes a Centre for Doctoral Training (CDT) aimed at cultivating international research leaders in Statistics and Operational Research (STOR) through a programme in which real-world challenge is the catalyst for cutting-edge methodological advancement.Our partners face a challenging reality: the demand for highly-trained STOR data specialists consistently exceeds the available supply. This situation is exacerbated by the ever-growing significance of data in both the economy and society. Our proposal directly addresses this pressing demand, focussing on the priority area "meeting a user-need".The newly envisioned Centre builds upon the strengths and knowledge derived from an existing, internationally recognised EPSRC CDT. Expanding upon this foundation and with the input of an enlarged partner network, including blue-chip companies, SMEs, and third-sector organisations, we propose a Centre poised to recruit and train 70 students across five cohorts. This program will harness industrial and charitable challenges as inspirational springboards for conducting the highest calibre research.The new programme will innovate by* Developing a new MRes programme co-designed and delivered with our partners;* Including a comprehensive training programme on advanced, reproducible programming for STOR, co-ordinated by the Centre's dedicated, industry-funded, Research Software Engineer;* Embedding industrial and third-sector collaboration throughout the student experience;* Hosting seeded research clusters: vibrant, cross-cohort, cross-sector retreats to explore and develop early-stage challenges emerging from the shared interests of STOR-i and its partners;* Developing an ambitious doctoral exchange programme with highly regarded international university partners, comprising student exchanges, co-supervision and shared training activities.Our partners play an integral role in the Centre's plans, with 80% of doctoral projects adopting a CASE-like approach, receiving co-funding and co-supervision from industrial partners. All other students will engage in industrial research internships. Additionally, partners will lead problem-solving events, data immersion experiences, and contribute to Continuing Professional Development (CPD) activities such as leadership talks, fireside chats, and advanced programming training.The partnership is deeply committed to ensuring the broader impact of STOR-i as a national resource. To this end, the Centre will establish a suite of funded activities open to all UK STOR doctoral students. These include an annual STOR summer school with an emphasis on leadership skills, advanced programming, and a data dive focused on charitable endeavours. Additionally, students will have access to masterclasses and research visits.STOR-i will deliver a wide range of benefits and scientific outcomes to the end-user community, underpinned by three fundamental pillars:1. People: Our CDT will inject 70 highly talented, diverse PhD graduates into the field, armed with the technical, interpersonal, and leadership skills essential for flourishing careers in STOR across a range of sectors. These graduates will serve as catalysts for innovation, driving cutting-edge research, and enhancing the UK's economic competitiveness.2. Knowledge: The CDT will generate a wealth of cutting-edge research, disseminated in top STOR journals, and presented at major international conferences. This research will tackle substantial real-world challenges, yielding fresh insights and breakthroughs in STOR.3. Impact: Our CDT will make a tangible difference in society and the economy by producing (i) case studies and (ii) a repository of documented and reproducible software, available to the public. This will facilitate widespread adoption of our research, leading to meaningful societal and economic impact.
GRN: EP/Y035437/1
Period: 01/10/2024 to 31/03/2033
Funding Source: EPSRC
In a consortium led by Heriot-Watt with St Andrews, Glasgow, Strathclyde, Edinburgh, Dundee, Huddersfield and NPL, the "EPSRC CDT in Use-Inspired Photonic Sensing and Metrology" responds to the focus area of "Meeting a User-Need and/or Supporting Civic Priorities" and aligns to EPSRC's Frontiers in Engineering & Technology priority and its aim to produce "tools and technologies that form the foundation of future UK prosperity".Our theme recognises the key role that photonic sensing and metrology has in addressing 21st century challenges in transport (LiDAR), energy (wind-turbine monitoring), manufacturing (precision measurement), medicine (disease sensors), agri-food (spectroscopy), security (chemical sensing) and net-zero (hydrocarbon and H2 metrology).Building on the success of our earlier centres, the addition of NPL and Huddersfield to our team reflects their international leadership in optical metrology and creates a consortium whose REF standing, UKRI income and industrial connectivity makes us uniquely able to deliver this CDT.Photonics contributes £15.2bn annually to the UK economy and employs 80,000 people--equal to automotive production and 3x more than pharmaceutical manufacturing. By 2035, more than 60% of the UK economy will rely on photonics to stay competitive.UK companies addressing the photonic sensing and metrology market are therefore vital to our economy but are threatened by a lack of doctoral-level researchers with a breadth of knowledge and understanding of photonic sensing and metrology, coupled with high-level business, management and communication skills.By ensuring a supply of these individuals, our CDT will consolidate the UK industrial knowledge base, driving this high-growth, export-led sector whose products and services have far-reaching impacts on our society.The proposed CDT will train 55 students. These will comprise at least 40 EngD students, characterised by a research project originated by a company and hosted on their site. A complementary stream of up to 15 PhD students will pursue industrially relevant research in university labs, with more flexibility and technical risk than in an EngD project.In preparing this bid, we invited companies to indicate their support, resulting in £5.5M cash commitments for 102 new students, considerably exceeding our target of 55 students, and highlighting industry's appetite for a CDT in photonic sensing and metrology. Our request to EPSRC for £6.13M will support 35 students, with the remaining students funded by industrial (£2.43M) and university (£1.02M) cash contributions, translating to an exceptional 56% cash leverage of studentship costs.The university partners provide 166 named supervisors, giving the flexibility to identify the most appropriate expertise for industry-led EngD projects. These academics' links to >120 named companies also ensure that the networks exist to co-create university-led PhD projects with industry partners. Our team combines established researchers with considerable supervisory experience (>50 full professors) with many dynamic early-career researchers, including a number of prestigious research fellowship holders.A 9-month frontloaded residential phase in St Andrews and Edinburgh will ensure the cohort gels strongly, equipping students with the knowledge and skills they need before starting their research projects. These core taught courses, augmented with electives from the other universities, will total 120 credits and will be supplemented by accredited MBA courses and training in outreach, IP, communication skills, RRI, EDI, sustainability and trusted-research. Collectively, these training episodes will bring students back to Heriot-Watt a few times each year, consolidating their intra- and inter-cohort networks. Governance will follow our current model, with a mixed academic-industry Management Committee and an International Advisory Committee of world-leading experts
GRN: EP/X015920/2
Period: 03/04/2024 to 29/01/2026
Funding Source: EPSRC
An enormous portion of low-grade heat (<100C) exists in the form of solar heat and waste heat from residential buildings and industries. However, converting low-grade heat using a conventional solid-state thermoelectric device-based system is challenging due to poor conversion efficiencies and low cost-effectiveness. Electrochemical heat-to-electricity conversion using a thermally regenerative electrochemical cycle (TREC) redox flow battery (RFB) can be considered a promising means for securing cost-effective low-grade heat storage with a sufficiently high-power rating due to the scalability of the redox flow batteries. Despite such benefits, the record conversion efficiency of the TREC RFB is less than 6%, which is far behind its theoretical maximum, which can be over 20% at a temperature gradient of 80C. This is attributable to the electrolyte design that does not consider its thermodynamic and electrochemical characteristics, which are the key aspects of TREC-based systems.Herein, we propose developing an efficient TREC-based RFB system through a data- and modelling-driven screening of the redox chemicals and electrolyte design and developing a scalable demonstrator. Comprehensive analytic thermoelectrochemical model studies and empirical research will be carried out under dynamic operational parameters, such as temperature, flow rate, conductivities, resistance and etc., which have been poorly studied despite their high importance in TREC design. The long-term current-voltage characteristics obtained from both lab-scale and large area multi-stack flow cells will be used for further model development (empirical constants and other dependent variables for overpotential terms) using a feedback loop scheme (i.e., inverse-modelling process).Critical key parameters of redox couples, including but not limited to thermogalvanic (Seebeck) coefficient, reaction entropy, solubility, conductivity, reaction rate and etc., will be collected and assessed by using data collection matrix followed by a series of comprehensive theoretical and experimental screening steps. Quantitatively, through the activities outlined above, this project is aimed to deliver a TREC RFB system with a record-breaking heat-to-chemical-to-electricity conversion efficiency (>10% at 60C temperature gradient at maximum power density) which is equivalent to 70% of the Carnot limit.This project is a challenging and ambitious interdisciplinary engineering study, requiring a broad spectrum of collaborations. Theoretical modelling with the initial screening of redox couples and prototype system development will be conducted at Heriot-Watt University, while the University of Strathclyde will prepare and characterise the fundamental characteristics of candidate redox couples. Close partnership with various external experts will also be carried out for the success of the project. Aarhus Univ. (Prof. A. Bentien's group) will support external research stay opportunities for organic chemical treatment. KIST Europe (in Saarland Univ) also will provide access to state-of-the-art multi-stack battery testing facilities and research staff support for PDRA's research stay. AES Solar Ltd. shall participate as an industrial partner, providing technical support for heat-collector design. LIND Ltd. will also support the project with access to their commercial-scale testing facilities.Outcomes from this work will be an important milestone in both energy storage and electrochemistry areas. We envisage technological advances for efficient and durable solar energy storage that promptly meet the needs of the times for the UK's zero-emission future. In addition, more importantly, the purpose of the project meets the needs of energy security considering recent international armed conflicts in Europe. Alongside the current UK's renewable energy roadmap policy for a carbon-neutral society, this project also fits well in the EPSRC's Energy Storage portfolio.
GRN: EP/X038823/2
Period: 22/01/2024 to 31/05/2028
Funding Source: EPSRC
Hydrogen and alternative liquid fuels (HALF) have an essential role in the net-zero transition by providing connectivity and flexibility across the energy system. Despite advancements in the field of hydrogen research both in the physical sciences and engineering, significant barriers remain to the scalable adoption of hydrogen and alternative liquid fuel technologies, and energy services, into the UK's local and national whole system infrastructure. These are technical barriers, organisational barriers, regulatory and societal barriers, and financial barriers.There are, therefore, significant gaps between current levels of hydrogen production, transportation, storage, conversion, and usage, and the estimated requirement for achieving net-zero by 2050. To address this, our proposed research programme has four interlinked work packages.WP1 will develop forward-thinking HALF technology roadmaps. We will assess supply chain availability and security. Selected representative HALF use cases will be used to identify and quantify any opportunities, risks and dependencies within a whole systems analysis. We will also develop an overarching roadmap for HALF system integration in order to inform technology advancement, industry and business development, as well as policy making and social interventions.WP2 will improve HALF characterisation and explore urgent new perspectives on the energy transition, including those related to ensuring resilience and security while also achieving net-zero. We will contrast the energy transition delivered by real incentives/behaviour versus those projected by widely-used optimisation models. The WP provides the whole systems modelling engine of the HI-ACT Hub, with a diverse array of state-of-the-art tools to explore HALF integration.WP 3 will explore the vital coupling of data and information relating to whole system planning and operational decision support, through the creation of a cyber physical architecture (CPA). This will generate new learning on current and future opportunities and risks, from a data and information perspective, which will lead to a whole system ontology for accelerated integration of hydrogen technologies.WP 4 considers options for a future energy system with HALF from a number of perspectives. The first is to consider expert views on HALF energy futures, and the public perceptions of those views. The second perspective considers place-based options for social benefit in HALF energy futures. The third perspective is to consider regulatory and policy options which would better enable HALF futures.Embedded across the research programme is the intent to create robust tools which are investment-oriented in their analysis. A Whole Systems and Energy Systems Integration approach is needed here, in order to better understand the interconnected and interdependent nature of complex energy systems from a technical, social, environmental and economic perspective.The Hub is led by Prof Sara Walker, Director of the EPSRC National Centre for Energy Systems Integration, supported by a team of 16 academics at a range of career stages. The team have extensive experience of large energy research projects and strong networks of stakeholders across England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. They bring to the Hub major hydrogen demonstrators through support from partners involved in InTEGReL in Gateshead, ReFLEX in Orkney, and FLEXIS Demonstration in South Wales for example. We shall engage to create a vibrant, diverse, and open community that has a deeper understanding of whole systems approaches and the role of hydrogen and alternative liquid fuels within that. We shall do so in a way which embeds Equality, Diversity and Inclusion in the approach. We shall do so in a way which is a hybrid of virtual and in-person field work consultation and develop appropriate digital tools for engagement
GRN: EP/Y036131/1
Period: 01/01/2024 to 31/12/2027
Funding Source: EPSRC
LITEFLOATCON aims to build an international and intersectoral partnership for high-quality research development on innovativelight-weight high performance concrete (LWHPC) and its application on multi-purpose modular floating structures for coastal spaceutilisation.To achieve this ambition, LITEFLOATCON brings along a multi-disciplinary team comprising 33 researchers from nine academicpartners with complementary expertise. The scientific objectives include: (1) developing innovative LWHPC suitable for coastalapplications, (2) investigating the influence of various additives on the rheological and mechanical properties 3) assessing thedurability properties 4) measuring the fatigue performance of LWHPC of various compositions developed (5) conceptualdevelopment of novel modular floating structural units with optimised shape and size, (6) developing an easy-fit inter-modularconnector, (7) examining the global and local structural and hydrodynamic performances of the modular floating units, and (8)generating Life-Cycle Analysis and performance-based design guidelines and recommendations.The outcomes of LITEFLOATCON include long-term and sustainable international partnerships that enhance the quality of researchtowards a modular floating LWHPC system with verified system design, material durability and structural safety, and an analysis andassessment framework for social and environmental impacts. These contribute to the development of next-generation coastalstructures, to improved scientific knowledge of material and structural behaviour in harsh marine environments, to design standardisation of the offshore industry, and to Europe's climate and sustainability goals
GRN: EP/Y036190/1
Period: 01/01/2024 to 31/12/2027
Funding Source: EPSRC
LITEFLOATCON aims to build an international and intersectoral partnership for high-quality research development on innovativelight-weight high performance concrete (LWHPC) and its application on multi-purpose modular floating structures for coastal spaceutilisation.To achieve this ambition, LITEFLOATCON brings along a multi-disciplinary team comprising 33 researchers from nine academicpartners with complementary expertise. The scientific objectives include: (1) developing innovative LWHPC suitable for coastalapplications, (2) investigating the influence of various additives on the rheological and mechanical properties 3) assessing thedurability properties 4) measuring the fatigue performance of LWHPC of various compositions developed (5) conceptualdevelopment of novel modular floating structural units with optimised shape and size, (6) developing an easy-fit inter-modularconnector, (7) examining the global and local structural and hydrodynamic performances of the modular floating units, and (8)generating Life-Cycle Analysis and performance-based design guidelines and recommendations.The outcomes of LITEFLOATCON include long-term and sustainable international partnerships that enhance the quality of researchtowards a modular floating LWHPC system with verified system design, material durability and structural safety, and an analysis andassessment framework for social and environmental impacts. These contribute to the development of next-generation coastalstructures, to improved scientific knowledge of material and structural behaviour in harsh marine environments, to design standardisation of the offshore industry, and to Europe's climate and sustainability goals
GRN: EP/Z531078/1
Period: 01/04/2024 to 31/03/2029
Funding Source: EPSRC
OUR AIM is to commission a user-accessible scanning transmission electron microscope for high resolution imaging and analysis of functional materials in a field-free environment.OUR OBJECTIVES are summarised as: INSTALLATION of the new instrument, named MagTEM2, in collaboration with manufacturers; DEMONSTRATION of MagTEM2's unique capabilities for field-free imaging alongside world-class analytical techniques; EXTENSION of our user-base; and generation of IMPACT.Our focus is not simply to maximise spatial resolution as that compromises other modalities. A single-purpose microscope will not reveal the structure-function links that underpin all materials science. Rather, we will ensure that functional imaging is world class. MagTEM2 will enable multimodal imaging to correlate structure, electro-magnetic functionality and chemical identity down to the atomic scale. Spectroscopic energy resolution, improved through monochromation of the STEM beam, will enable enhanced chemical discrimination and imaging of vibrational and plasmonic modes. High-speed detectors, coupled with potentially gigahertz electrical stimulation of devices, will push the time resolution of MagTEM2 far beyond current capabilities. MagTEM2 will also provide opportunities for doctoral training, the professional development of technical staff and outreach activities. Critically, it will be available to external users, operating alongside substantial complementary infrastructure for materials research at the University of Glasgow. We have assembled a consortium of ~100 academic and industrial users, with wide-ranging ambitions for research that is not currently possible in the UK. Their interests range from developing the next generation of magnetic data storage to the design of materials that will contribute to global goals for climate change mitigation
GRN: EP/Y002911/1
Period: 01/04/2024 to 31/03/2026
Funding Source: EPSRC
Modern life on the planet is sustained by constant supply of energy, over 80% of which is currently provided by fossil-fuel-based carbon sources (coal, oil and gas). Climate change crisis, combined with dwindling North Sea fuel resources and volatility in the global fossil-fuel market mean there is a pressing need for securement of sustainable energy sources. In this context, electrochemical technologies are becoming increasingly important due to their prominent role in energy conversion, storage, and chemical industries. With renewable electricity being a key strategic component of UK Government's energy policy, coupled with cost reductions of renewable electricity in recent years, electrochemical technologies will play a key role in enabling decarbonisation. Alongside batteries, electrocatalysis is becoming a well-established direction in the domain of energy technologies (e.g., electrolysers and fuel cells) as well as fuels and chemical manufacturing. The applications include: (i) electrochemical conversion of CO2 to produce fuels and chemicals (e.g., formic acid, syngas, ethanol), facilitating carbon capture and utilisation pathways (CCU), (ii) oxidation of low-value waste chemicals (e.g., glycerol from biodiesel industry or ethylene glycol from PET digestion) to generate high-value products used by chemical industries. The primary benefit of such electricity powered processes is their contribution towards reducing the CO2 emission and transitioning to a sustainable society.However, one of the key challenges in making electrocatalytic technologies economically viable is developing inexpensive catalysts that can be used at the electrodes to drive the chemical reactions efficiently. In this context, use of porous materials as a catalyst is appealing because they have large surface area with well-defined pores and channels with integrated catalytic sites. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are such a class of microporous materials with permanent porosity, and their structure can be designed with exceptional degree of control. While these crystalline materials have enormous potential for applications in gas sorption, catalysis, energy storage, light harvesting etc., their use in electrochemical systems has remained problematic due to low conductivity, and thus, many questions remain open in the field.In this proposal, we aim to gain fundamental insight on how these materials operate as electrocatalysts. The overall idea is that the lessons learned from this project will feed into the design principle of next generation of materials. Due to the structural complexity of the MOFs, 'visualising' their structure under operating condition requires a wide range of technical tools including spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and imaging. For this purpose, we will team up with international researchers to uncover how structural aspects of the materials contribute to the catalytic activity and whether the materials undergo structural reconstruction during catalysis.
GRN: EP/Z531212/1
Period: 01/04/2024 to 31/01/2028
Funding Source: EPSRC
This collaborative research proposal between the Oxford Robotics Institute (ORI) and the ETH extends themes of embodied robotic intelligence outlined in Oxford's ongoing Programme Grant "Embodied Intelligence: From Sensing to Collaboration" to include physical intelligence - specifically dynamic manipulation in contact-rich environments and perception suitable for autonomy in wild, natural environments.We propose a strategic collaboration with Prof. Dr. Hutter and Dr. Cadena of ETH Zurich who are world leaders in dynamic locomotion, manipulation and navigation and ETH's Center for Robotics - a coordinated ETH initiative to grow robotics in ETH and Switzerland. Their Robot Systems Lab (RSL) regularly receives plaudits and recognition and has created 6 spin-outs. Interaction with other academics within the Center (e.g. soft robotics, autonomy, controls) is also envisaged.ORI brings expertise in perception for state estimation and navigation, deep learning for locomotion and manipulation and decision making, while ETH has a strong track record in mobile robotics, dynamic locomotion and control. Together, we will develop new approaches to address the challenges of autonomous manipulation and navigation with dynamic robots.Our proposed project is organised into two research strands, which will use the ANYmal quadruped robot as a common platform. The first strand will focus on 'Data-Driven Perception and Navigation ', while the second strand will focus on 'Contact Rich Manipulation for Mobile Platforms'. Together with ETH we have designed an exciting exchange programme that will strengthen our collaboration and benefit from substantive industry support. In addition, we plan to host a standalone symposium to promote the common research links between Oxford and ETH, and another public outreach event linked with one of the main robotics conferences (IEEE ICRA, RSS).In summary, the proposed collaboration presents a unique opportunity to collaboratively explore the challenges of unstructured autonomy and contact-rich manipulation by pairing advances from the first half of our programme grant with expertise from ETH's world class faculty and laboratories. Our proposed collaboration is timely, given the growing importance of the proposed research, while our unique combination of expertise has the potential to have significant impact both in UK academia and in a range of business sectors. We propose a clear research and demonstration plan involving collaborations with several companies in the nuclear sector and the manufacturer of a leading quadruped robot. The project will conclude with live on-site trials at a real nuclear facility
GRN: EP/Z001188/1
Period: 01/06/2024 to 31/05/2026
Funding Source: EPSRC
The synergistic effects among the metals are often responsible for the increased activity, selectivity, and stability, hence, the impressive catalytic activity over monometallic by bimetallic counterparts has been reported. Trimetallic catalysts (3MCs) have been successfully used for different reactions, however, there are few reports on 3MCs for electrocatalytic dinitrogen reduction (NR). Most of the catalysts for NR suffer from slow mass and electron transport, low dinitrogen affinity, and reduced activity, therefore we proposed multifunctional 3MCs anchored on a suitable substrate to solve these problems. This project will develop a series of 3MCs for NR on carbon electrode denoted M-D1-D2 (where M (Metal)= Co and Cu) (-D1 - D2 ((Doping 1-Doping 2) = Zn-Li, Zn-Cs, Zn-La, etc.) to boost selectivity and activity of NR in a 0.1 M phosphate buffer aqueous solution compared and reach FEs of over 50% and high ammonium yields to fulfill requirements for industrialization. Dinitrogen is a weak Lewis base; hence it is rational to create a Lewis acid catalytic site to give preference for the binding of dinitrogen over proton. Therefore, we are going to use Li, Cs, Zn, and La as Lewis acid dopants with different affinity (low, moderate, and strong) toward NR. The change of the charge at the surface of the electrode at the atomic level is going to be confirmed by XANES and EXAFS. To further adjust dinitrogen affinity, pyridine derivatives as the heteroatom dopant, (e.g. Pyridine, 4-tert-Butylpyridine, etc.)) will be used. The heteroatoms interact with the pi star orbital of the dinitrogen by electron-donating and increasing the absorption affinity. The change in affinity will be confirmed with dinitrogen temperature-programmed desorption (TPD) measurement. The mechanistic studies will be performed by state-of-the-art techniques of the highest active 3MC. The result will feed back into the synthetic work to guide the optimization of electrochemical performance
GRN: EP/Y016920/1
Period: 01/04/2024 to 31/03/2027
Funding Source: EPSRC
Composite materials, such as those based on carbon and glass fibre reinforced polymer play an important role in driving global decarbonisation, through corrosion resistant and high-performance products and light-weighting sectors such as transport that lead to improved fuel economy and so reduce emissions. Our proposal targets sustainability of high value composite components, through embedding ultra-thin glass planar sensors, that can be used during manufacture and through a component's life to assess parameters linked to structural performance. Hence informed decisions can be made to extend useable life and reduce the scrappage associated with manufacture. This makes most efficient use of our limited resource of energy and raw materials. In addition to environmental sustainability, this work will also have economic advantages enabling the UK economy to continue to grow innovative technology and associated highly skilled jobs.Despite the huge lightweighting benefit of composites they are not utilised to their full potential due to variability caused at the manufacturing stage. Composite components and the composite material they are made from are produced together. To achieve the desired material geometry features are included in their laminated structure that generate defects. To realise their full set of advantages new methodologies must be devised that support sustainable deployment integrated during production. At the manufacturing stage, many composite components are consigned to scrap before they go into service because of defect evolution. We are proposing a new non-invasive means to better monitor defect evolution and their affect on the final structural performance of the part. Once a composite component goes into service it is often heavier than necessary due to the design parameters necessary for safety assurance. Having an effective means of monitoring critical regions would motivate a means to reduce structural mass by reducing material usage, which in turn would allow increasing payload and or support a shift to heavier but more efficient designs. We are proposing a sensing methodology that can indicate a reduction in structural performance, as our sensors allow changes in through thickness strain to be captured. A laminated composite structure is designed to carry the load in the plane of the laminations as it is weak through the thickness of laminate. Any change in through thickness strain would be a prime indicator of a reduction in performance. At the end of the composite component's life there are currently limited options for recycling composites with 15% of the 110,000 tonnes of composites produced in the UK each year being reused at their end of life. Our sensors would support reuse and repurposing of large composite structures because a complete history of the component life cycle would be available through monitoring informing designers of the suitability to be deployed in other structural applications.To highlight the advantages of using the novel sensors we have chosen three important case studies/exemplars. The first is in the manufacture of thermosetting composites replacing the costly and time-consuming autoclave with microwave processing, which reduces energy consumption significantly. Our planar glass sensors will be non-conducting and so permit comprehensive in process monitoring, supporting uptake of microwave curing. As described above the through thickness strength of laminated composite materials is limited, hence 3D fibre architectures are being explored. Our second case study focuses on braiding process exploiting the sensor's geometry to fix it into a known position during the consolidation of the 3D fibre architecture in a thermoplastic matrix. Finally, we demonstrate the versatility of our sensors in an infield retrofitting application to extend the life of concrete infrastructure using composite repair patches.
GRN: EP/Z531303/1
Period: 01/08/2024 to 31/07/2028
Funding Source: EPSRC
Averting dangerous consequences of climate change and transitioning to societies that use our natural resources sustainably is one of the most existential challenges currently facing humanity. At the technological level, advanced energy materials are needed not only to sustain incremental advances in existing zero-carbon energy technologies, but also to address open technology challenges requiring disruptive breakthroughs. New, emerging classes of energy materials, such as perovskite semiconductors and organic/biologically inspired materials for solar energy harvesting and photovoltaics, or advanced electrode materials for batteries offer great opportunities for achieving higher performance, lower cost and better environmental sustainability than existing energy materials. However, many aspects of their operation remain poorly understood. This is related to their relatively disordered, non-single crystalline microstructures, with complex interfaces that are critical for device operation, and the presence of weakly, non-covalently bonded, functional groups and molecular units. This makes the materials mechanically soft and the dynamics of lattice vibrations has a strong effect on the charge carriers and electronic excitations. However, their performance is surprisingly tolerant to such static and dynamic disorder, which opens a wide space for materials exploration as we apparently do not always need structural perfection.This centre-to-centre collaboration brings together a team of energy materials researchers at the Universities of Cambridge and Oxford supported by the VETSOFT EPSRC programme grant with a world-leading group of researchers at Princeton University's Andlinger Centre for Energy and the Environment. Both centres have internationally leading, interdisciplinary teams with a broad spectrum of complementary techniques and scientific capabilities that can be applied and shared across traditional boundaries associated with different materials systems and/or applications. By not working in traditional silos, powerful synergies can be achieved. This is at the heart of the VETSOFT programme grant, which brings together researchers working in soft functional energy materials for diverse applications in photovoltaics, photocatalysis, thermal energy harvesting and energy storage. A similar philosophy also underpins Princeton's Andlinger Centre, which has available a largely complementary set of capabilities. The proposed centre-to-centre collaboration aims to achieve a deeper atomistic understanding and control of important physical processes in soft functional energy materials, in turn driving tangible enhancements in energy materials performance and new device concepts. We have identified three grand research challenges (RCs) for which there is a high added value from the collaboration between the two centres and for which complementary scientific capabilities and methodologies available at the two centres are needed. The centre-to-centre collaboration will allow us to tackle these in a more effective way than any of the participating groups could on their own. The first two RCs address scientific bottlenecks that are holding back the application of perovskite semiconductors in solar cells and of electrode materials for batteries: We will develop approaches for controlled doping of metal halide perovskite semiconductors and new battery anode materials based on niobium tungsten oxides capable of fast charging. The third one aims to achieve a deeper, fundamental understanding of energy transfer processes in biological energy harvesting. The proposed centre-to-centre collaboration will also provide a vehicle for encouraging other, exploratory research projects in advanced energy materials between groups at the two centres, that will lead to a sustained, effective partnership between the two centres outlasting the 4-year funding period of the proposed project
GRN: ES/Z502649/1
Period: 01/04/2024 to 31/03/2028
Funding Source: ESRC
The current shift to marine renewable energies, with UK investment to top £150bn, will likely transform the sustainability (the balance between economic growth, social well-being, and environmental care) and resilience (adapting to change, adversity and new opportunities) of coastal communities and adjacent seas. History tells us that previous energy transitions have led to profound environmental and socio-cultural change for local communities due to their often boom-and-bust nature. Yet most analyses focus on technical and economic criteria and rarely address environmental, social, cultural, and institutional impacts or whether transitions are just (i.e., that they are as fair and inclusive as possible for everyone concerned). This oversight must be addressed to reduce carbon emissions in a way that also improves outcomes for coastal environments and communities.TRANSECTS will address this oversight using a novel transdisciplinary approach, co-developed with coastal resilience stakeholder partners and combining sociology, economics and geography with engineering, ecology, history, law, archaeology, and creative arts. We adopt a place- and time-based research design using learnings from the experiences of different coastal communities during past energy transitions. We combine natural and social sciences with arts and humanities to explore the shifts from non-renewable marine energy sources (whale oil in the 1800s through to offshore oil and gas in the later-1900s) to more sustainable renewable energy sources in the early-2000s. We will analyse differences across geographical scales (small areas to large regions), between mainland coastal and island communities and between different UK regions.The TRANSECTS project has three primary aims:1) Use historical and current case studies to understand marine energy transitions and their impacts on the sustainability and resilience of coastal communities and adjacent seas2) Integrate creative methods with community dialogue and scientific research/expertise to enable communities to explore their roles and responses to energy transitions3) Establish a 'theory of change' for marine energy transitions which will assist coastal communities to improve social, economic and environmental sustainability and resilience, and transform decision-making To achieve these aims, we will explore three cases: the Humber Estuary, the Orkney Islands and east-coast Scotland. Each has changed their main marine energy economic activity from whale oil via offshore fossil fuels to marine renewable energies and has experienced changing economic fortunes, marginalisation and (often hidden) hardship caused by these transitions. TRANSECTS will examine the raw energy sources (whales, oil & gas deposits, offshore wind plus associated habitats and seabed): how much and where they have been located. It will consider the services provided by these resources. The project will assess how nearby communities have been affected during transitions by analysing - for example - migration, employment, and mental and physical health. TRANSECTS will combine empirical data with human stories (from archives and creative methods) to 're-people the past'. It will investigate the fairness and equity of decisions made during energy transitions ('just transition'). Importantly, it will work with communities to develop strategies to enable energy transitions that increase the resilience of coastal and marine ecosystems and the communities that depend on and interact with them
08/05/2024
8 new projects added
GRN: EP/Y031644/1
Period: 01/05/2024 to 30/04/2025
Funding Source: EPSRC
Being 'energy efficient' is something we have all come to better understand in recent times. As we continue to grapple with the cost-of-living crisis we have become ever familiar with the need to make energy-efficient decisions in the home. However, if we are to meet net-zero CO2 emissions targets we must think more globally about how to reduce the burning of fossil fuels. At present, one of the largest sources of CO2 emissions stems directly from the burning of fossil fuels for transportation purposes. Maritime transport alone emits around 1076 million tonnes of CO2 annually and is responsible for around 2.9% of global emissions caused by human activities. Indeed, in the United Nations 2023 Intercontinental Panel on Climate Change report, the authors note that "Rapid and far-reaching transitions across all sectors and systems are necessary to achieve deep and sustained emissions reductions and secure a liveable and sustainable future for all." One sector that contributes significantly to the production of greenhouse gases, via numerous different means, is the metallurgy industry. Whether this be through the burning of fossil fuels to produce the finished metallurgical products, or via the greenhouse gas costs associated with the continued travel of these materials across the globe, for example in the lifecycle of a steel-hulled cargo vessel. It is, therefore, imperative that we begin replacing dense and energy-inefficient materials such as steel, with functionalised energy-efficient light alloys.Molten aluminum alloys are widely utilised for the casting of lightweight parts that can be used to replace their traditional heavyweight counterparts. These high-strength alloys tend to oxidise very quickly when first exposed to air. A thin oxide film develops on the surface of the metal and this helps to protect the aluminium alloys against corrosion. However, the development of these thin films can be both a blessing and a curse. The film acts as a layer of protection from the outside elements which, under regular usage conditions, ensures the metal will not corrode. However, during the casting process, when the aluminum is still in a molten state, this thin oxide film can be encapsulated into the bulk of the liquid metal flow. It has been shown that this encapsulation process, which can happen many times over, necessarily leads to the embedding of these oxide films within the main body of the finished product. As a result of this process, the quality and fatigue life of the solidified cast parts can be greatly diminished. As such, gaining a better understanding of how to control this process plays a pivotal role in reducing the costs associated with the production lifecycle, thus resulting in an increased demand for the usage of lightweight alloys. These 'mass savings' then, in turn, contribute to the reduction of the generation of greenhouse gases. One needs to burn fewer fossil fuels moving a product from A to B given that the product is lighter than its traditional counterpart.The goal of the investigation will be to develop a mathematical model that is able to accurately describe the dynamics between the interface of the liquid metal flow and the oxide layer above. At present, the current state-of-the-art fails to capture this important behaviour. Our model will be validated and verified against current experimental observations and the results that stem from this study will provide new insights as to how this oxidization process can be controlled in a practical setting.
GRN: EP/Y037359/1
Period: 01/03/2024 to 29/02/2028
Funding Source: EPSRC
Deep understanding of localized deformation in geomaterials plays a central role in tapping geo-resources and energy, mitigating geohazards and designing built environment. Our project LOG3G seeks to advance and share the knowledge of the multiscale and multiphysics modelling of localization phenomena in geomaterials (soils and rocks), with the aim to create cutting-edge predictive models serving the communities in geophysics, geohazards, and geoengineering. We take an integrated approach by combining the diverse expertise of a multidisciplinary consortium, including geological surveys, constitutive modeling and numerical simulations, laboratory tests, and real-world applications such as CO2 storage and geo-resource/energy exploitation. LOG3G will generate lasting impact on the safety and economy in interaction with geomaterials across the disciplines. The ultimate goals are to develop better insight into the complex localization behavior of geomaterials, to provide the researchers and practitioners with the next generation predictive tools, to share and disseminate the knowledge to broad audience by secondment and training beyond the project network, and finally to contribute to the sustainable development of our society
GRN: EP/Z531200/1
Period: 01/08/2024 to 31/07/2027
Funding Source: EPSRC
Solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is arguably the most powerful technology for providing atomic-level structure and dynamics understanding of molecules and materials. The physical and life sciences communities exploit this analytical science technique extensively to address challenging issues in a wide range of systems relevant to, for example, pharmaceuticals, battery materials, catalysis and protein complexes. Importantly, the advances enabled by solid-state NMR as an analytical technique are continually increasing in line with technological progress in the development of new NMR hardware. In particular, the recent development of commercial 1.2 GHz NMR systems stands to open up exciting new directions in NMR methodological development and deliver unprecedented levels of structural, dynamic and mechanistic information. Seven 1.2 GHz NMR systems are already in operation across Europe with further systems soon to be installed in Germany and the USA. UKRI has recently invested in two such systems at the High-Field Solid-State NMR National Research Facility (NRF) at the University of Warwick, and at the Henry Wellcome Building for Biomolecular NMR Spectroscopy at the University of Birmingham. These systems are expected to be operational in the UK in 2025.The proposed project aims to optimise UKRI's substantial investment in high-field solid-state NMR spectroscopy (notably £23M in 1.2 GHz NMR) by working in partnership with fifteen internationally leading laboratories and seven industry partners. The work will focus on sharing technical and application know-how and expertise to deliver new experimental NMR methodologies and protocols, as well as new scientific insight into complex chemical systems. The project will be divided across three main classes of systems: inorganic materials, biosolids and pharmaceuticals, with researchers working in each of these fields. New experimental methodologies will be designed and investigated within the NRF itself, and also exploiting the wide range of NMR hardware and expertise available in the co-investigator team and partner institutions. As well as the main focus of ultra-high field NMR, the NRF and partner institutions will provide access to specialist NMR hardware such as very high- and low-temperature apparatus (100 - 1000 K) to enable complex structural and dynamic phenomena to be probed in greater detail. The techniques developed within the project will enable the capabilities of ultra-high field NMR to be fully realised and will lead to new atomic-level insights into systems of relevance to the wider scientific community and industrial partners. The dissemination of the research and the interaction with international academic and industry partners will help to maintain the UK's position as a world leader in solid-state NMR research
GRN: EP/Z532794/1
Period: 01/08/2024 to 31/07/2027
Funding Source: EPSRC
Solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is arguably the most powerful technology for providing atomic-level structure and dynamics understanding of molecules and materials. The physical and life sciences communities exploit this analytical science technique extensively to address challenging issues in a wide range of systems relevant to, for example, pharmaceuticals, battery materials, catalysis and protein complexes. Importantly, the advances enabled by solid-state NMR as an analytical technique are continually increasing in line with technological progress in the development of new NMR hardware. In particular, the recent development of commercial 1.2 GHz NMR systems stands to open up exciting new directions in NMR methodological development and deliver unprecedented levels of structural, dynamic and mechanistic information. Seven 1.2 GHz NMR systems are already in operation across Europe with further systems soon to be installed in Germany and the USA. UKRI has recently invested in two such systems at the High-Field Solid-State NMR National Research Facility (NRF) at the University of Warwick, and at the Henry Wellcome Building for Biomolecular NMR Spectroscopy at the University of Birmingham. These systems are expected to be operational in the UK in 2025.The proposed project aims to optimise UKRI's substantial investment in high-field solid-state NMR spectroscopy (notably £23M in 1.2 GHz NMR) by working in partnership with fifteen internationally leading laboratories and seven industry partners. The work will focus on sharing technical and application know-how and expertise to deliver new experimental NMR methodologies and protocols, as well as new scientific insight into complex chemical systems. The project will be divided across three main classes of systems: inorganic materials, biosolids and pharmaceuticals, with researchers working in each of these fields. New experimental methodologies will be designed and investigated within the NRF itself, and also exploiting the wide range of NMR hardware and expertise available in the co-investigator team and partner institutions. As well as the main focus of ultra-high field NMR, the NRF and partner institutions will provide access to specialist NMR hardware such as very high- and low-temperature apparatus (100 - 1000 K) to enable complex structural and dynamic phenomena to be probed in greater detail. The techniques developed within the project will enable the capabilities of ultra-high field NMR to be fully realised and will lead to new atomic-level insights into systems of relevance to the wider scientific community and industrial partners. The dissemination of the research and the interaction with international academic and industry partners will help to maintain the UK's position as a world leader in solid-state NMR research
GRN: EP/Z532800/1
Period: 01/08/2024 to 31/07/2027
Funding Source: EPSRC
Solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is arguably the most powerful technology for providing atomic-level structure and dynamics understanding of molecules and materials. The physical and life sciences communities exploit this analytical science technique extensively to address challenging issues in a wide range of systems relevant to, for example, pharmaceuticals, battery materials, catalysis and protein complexes. Importantly, the advances enabled by solid-state NMR as an analytical technique are continually increasing in line with technological progress in the development of new NMR hardware. In particular, the recent development of commercial 1.2 GHz NMR systems stands to open up exciting new directions in NMR methodological development and deliver unprecedented levels of structural, dynamic and mechanistic information. Seven 1.2 GHz NMR systems are already in operation across Europe with further systems soon to be installed in Germany and the USA. UKRI has recently invested in two such systems at the High-Field Solid-State NMR National Research Facility (NRF) at the University of Warwick, and at the Henry Wellcome Building for Biomolecular NMR Spectroscopy at the University of Birmingham. These systems are expected to be operational in the UK in 2025.The proposed project aims to optimise UKRI's substantial investment in high-field solid-state NMR spectroscopy (notably £23M in 1.2 GHz NMR) by working in partnership with fifteen internationally leading laboratories and seven industry partners. The work will focus on sharing technical and application know-how and expertise to deliver new experimental NMR methodologies and protocols, as well as new scientific insight into complex chemical systems. The project will be divided across three main classes of systems: inorganic materials, biosolids and pharmaceuticals, with researchers working in each of these fields. New experimental methodologies will be designed and investigated within the NRF itself, and also exploiting the wide range of NMR hardware and expertise available in the co-investigator team and partner institutions. As well as the main focus of ultra-high field NMR, the NRF and partner institutions will provide access to specialist NMR hardware such as very high- and low-temperature apparatus (100 - 1000 K) to enable complex structural and dynamic phenomena to be probed in greater detail. The techniques developed within the project will enable the capabilities of ultra-high field NMR to be fully realised and will lead to new atomic-level insights into systems of relevance to the wider scientific community and industrial partners. The dissemination of the research and the interaction with international academic and industry partners will help to maintain the UK's position as a world leader in solid-state NMR research
GRN: EP/Z532812/1
Period: 01/08/2024 to 31/07/2027
Funding Source: EPSRC
Solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is arguably the most powerful technology for providing atomic-level structure and dynamics understanding of molecules and materials. The physical and life sciences communities exploit this analytical science technique extensively to address challenging issues in a wide range of systems relevant to, for example, pharmaceuticals, battery materials, catalysis and protein complexes. Importantly, the advances enabled by solid-state NMR as an analytical technique are continually increasing in line with technological progress in the development of new NMR hardware. In particular, the recent development of commercial 1.2 GHz NMR systems stands to open up exciting new directions in NMR methodological development and deliver unprecedented levels of structural, dynamic and mechanistic information. Seven 1.2 GHz NMR systems are already in operation across Europe with further systems soon to be installed in Germany and the USA. UKRI has recently invested in two such systems at the High-Field Solid-State NMR National Research Facility (NRF) at the University of Warwick, and at the Henry Wellcome Building for Biomolecular NMR Spectroscopy at the University of Birmingham. These systems are expected to be operational in the UK in 2025.The proposed project aims to optimise UKRI's substantial investment in high-field solid-state NMR spectroscopy (notably £23M in 1.2 GHz NMR) by working in partnership with fifteen internationally leading laboratories and seven industry partners. The work will focus on sharing technical and application know-how and expertise to deliver new experimental NMR methodologies and protocols, as well as new scientific insight into complex chemical systems. The project will be divided across three main classes of systems: inorganic materials, biosolids and pharmaceuticals, with researchers working in each of these fields. New experimental methodologies will be designed and investigated within the NRF itself, and also exploiting the wide range of NMR hardware and expertise available in the co-investigator team and partner institutions. As well as the main focus of ultra-high field NMR, the NRF and partner institutions will provide access to specialist NMR hardware such as very high- and low-temperature apparatus (100 - 1000 K) to enable complex structural and dynamic phenomena to be probed in greater detail. The techniques developed within the project will enable the capabilities of ultra-high field NMR to be fully realised and will lead to new atomic-level insights into systems of relevance to the wider scientific community and industrial partners. The dissemination of the research and the interaction with international academic and industry partners will help to maintain the UK's position as a world leader in solid-state NMR research
GRN: EP/Z532824/1
Period: 01/08/2024 to 31/07/2027
Funding Source: EPSRC
Solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is arguably the most powerful technology for providing atomic-level structure and dynamics understanding of molecules and materials. The physical and life sciences communities exploit this analytical science technique extensively to address challenging issues in a wide range of systems relevant to, for example, pharmaceuticals, battery materials, catalysis and protein complexes. Importantly, the advances enabled by solid-state NMR as an analytical technique are continually increasing in line with technological progress in the development of new NMR hardware. In particular, the recent development of commercial 1.2 GHz NMR systems stands to open up exciting new directions in NMR methodological development and deliver unprecedented levels of structural, dynamic and mechanistic information. Seven 1.2 GHz NMR systems are already in operation across Europe with further systems soon to be installed in Germany and the USA. UKRI has recently invested in two such systems at the High-Field Solid-State NMR National Research Facility (NRF) at the University of Warwick, and at the Henry Wellcome Building for Biomolecular NMR Spectroscopy at the University of Birmingham. These systems are expected to be operational in the UK in 2025.The proposed project aims to optimise UKRI's substantial investment in high-field solid-state NMR spectroscopy (notably £23M in 1.2 GHz NMR) by working in partnership with fifteen internationally leading laboratories and seven industry partners. The work will focus on sharing technical and application know-how and expertise to deliver new experimental NMR methodologies and protocols, as well as new scientific insight into complex chemical systems. The project will be divided across three main classes of systems: inorganic materials, biosolids and pharmaceuticals, with researchers working in each of these fields. New experimental methodologies will be designed and investigated within the NRF itself, and also exploiting the wide range of NMR hardware and expertise available in the co-investigator team and partner institutions. As well as the main focus of ultra-high field NMR, the NRF and partner institutions will provide access to specialist NMR hardware such as very high- and low-temperature apparatus (100 - 1000 K) to enable complex structural and dynamic phenomena to be probed in greater detail. The techniques developed within the project will enable the capabilities of ultra-high field NMR to be fully realised and will lead to new atomic-level insights into systems of relevance to the wider scientific community and industrial partners. The dissemination of the research and the interaction with international academic and industry partners will help to maintain the UK's position as a world leader in solid-state NMR research
GRN: EP/Z532836/1
Period: 01/08/2024 to 31/07/2027
Funding Source: EPSRC
Solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is arguably the most powerful technology for providing atomic-level structure and dynamics understanding of molecules and materials. The physical and life sciences communities exploit this analytical science technique extensively to address challenging issues in a wide range of systems relevant to, for example, pharmaceuticals, battery materials, catalysis and protein complexes. Importantly, the advances enabled by solid-state NMR as an analytical technique are continually increasing in line with technological progress in the development of new NMR hardware. In particular, the recent development of commercial 1.2 GHz NMR systems stands to open up exciting new directions in NMR methodological development and deliver unprecedented levels of structural, dynamic and mechanistic information. Seven 1.2 GHz NMR systems are already in operation across Europe with further systems soon to be installed in Germany and the USA. UKRI has recently invested in two such systems at the High-Field Solid-State NMR National Research Facility (NRF) at the University of Warwick, and at the Henry Wellcome Building for Biomolecular NMR Spectroscopy at the University of Birmingham. These systems are expected to be operational in the UK in 2025.The proposed project aims to optimise UKRI's substantial investment in high-field solid-state NMR spectroscopy (notably £23M in 1.2 GHz NMR) by working in partnership with fifteen internationally leading laboratories and seven industry partners. The work will focus on sharing technical and application know-how and expertise to deliver new experimental NMR methodologies and protocols, as well as new scientific insight into complex chemical systems. The project will be divided across three main classes of systems: inorganic materials, biosolids and pharmaceuticals, with researchers working in each of these fields. New experimental methodologies will be designed and investigated within the NRF itself, and also exploiting the wide range of NMR hardware and expertise available in the co-investigator team and partner institutions. As well as the main focus of ultra-high field NMR, the NRF and partner institutions will provide access to specialist NMR hardware such as very high- and low-temperature apparatus (100 - 1000 K) to enable complex structural and dynamic phenomena to be probed in greater detail. The techniques developed within the project will enable the capabilities of ultra-high field NMR to be fully realised and will lead to new atomic-level insights into systems of relevance to the wider scientific community and industrial partners. The dissemination of the research and the interaction with international academic and industry partners will help to maintain the UK's position as a world leader in solid-state NMR research
01/05/2024
6 new projects added
GRN: EP/Y034902/1
Period: 01/07/2024 to 30/09/2033
Funding Source: EPSRC
The EPSRC Centre for Doctoral Training in "Diversity-led, mission-driven research" proposes a radical inverted model for CDT delivery. By inverted model, we mean that, rather than coalescing around a scientific topic, we will create an inclusive, supportive and inspiring environment to foster diverse teams (postgraduate researchers, supervisors, management teams, external partners) that together lead innovative and interdisciplinary projects. In doing so we foster truly disruptive and excellent research.The prevalence of genuinely disruptive, novel scientific research is dropping as fields become condensed and researchers are siloed. There is a large body of evidence that describes the significant impact of diversity on innovation. Researchers from marginalised and minority backgrounds, however, face significant hurdles throughout their careers, notably at the transition points before and after postgraduate research. There is therefore a compelling scientific and economic case that focussing on diversity will lead to more significant impact in research and contribute to address the shortfall in skilled STEM workers. The resources, peer-learning, training, mentoring, championship and support provided by the cohort-model and the CDT framework will allow to demonstrate that when the appropriate environments are in place, diversity and excellence will flourish.The University of Glasgow is ideally placed to support and host this CDT; its world-leading academic expertise and infrastructures and internationally leading track record in positive research culture offer unique opportunities for collaborative research. It also has accumulated significant experience in inclusive research through various initiatives to support underrepresented communities, including our highly successful James McCune Smith PhD Scholarships for Black British students. Our CDT will build upon these to offer radical new pathways for the training of scientists and the generation of innovative interdisciplinary science around key institutional thematic areas.We will apply evidence-led best practice alongside our longstanding institutional experience to ensure diversity permeates across our recruitment, project selection, training, supervision, mentoring, retention, governance and self-reflection processes. Through tailored, structured support of our researchers and academics, both individually and collectively as annual cohorts, we will foster an inclusive community where our members will be united by a sense of common purpose to effectively tackle mission-driven challenges.Three pillars underpin CDT delivery: CONNECT, community engagement and long-term pipeline building activities attract those who have been discouraged from PhDs or faced insurmountable structural barriers to entry; BELONG, intensive training activities and PhD-spanning cohort building activities, ensure all students are fully prepared for PhD study and integrated into the CDT; and THRIVE, comprehensive training, mentoring, networking and external engagement complements interdisciplinary research activities to foster a pipeline of diverse, talented graduates, with enhanced career prospects across a range of sectors. Through innovative CDT management: our online Catalogue of Possibilities to capture the imagination of applicants; the use of sandpits to generate discipline-crossing projects; enhanced bespoke mentoring from industry and academia; and an inverted crucible exercise to allow students to select projects and supervisors, we will demonstrate the clear pathway from diversity to excellence. We will offer opportunities for diverse talent to thrive, and in doing so generate genuine scientific excellence while building a critical mass of role models and research leaders, as well as novel initiatives in fostering inclusive research culture. The CDT will therefore be a catalyst for genuine, positive change, and act as a beacon for UK Higher Education
GRN: EP/Y03466X/1
Period: 01/07/2024 to 31/03/2033
Funding Source: EPSRC
This user-need CDT will equip graduates with the skills needed by the UK formulation industry to manufacture the next generation of formulated products at net zero, addressing the decarbonisation needs for the sector and aligning with this EPSRC priority. Formulated products, including foods, battery electrodes, pharmaceuticals, paints, catalysts, structured ceramics, thin films and coatings, cosmetics, detergents and agrochemicals, are central to UK prosperity (sector size > £95bn GVA in 2021) and Formulation Engineering is concerned with the design and manufacture of these products whose effectiveness is determined by the microstructure of the material. Containing complex soft materials: structured solids, soft solids or structured liquids, whose nano- to micro-scale physical and chemical structures are highly process dependent and critical to product function, their manufacture poses common challenges across different industry sectors. Moving towards Net Zero manufacture thus needs systems thinking underpinned by interdisciplinary understanding of chemistry, processing and materials science pioneered by the CDT for Formulation Engineering at the University of Birmingham over the past twenty years, with a proven delivery of industrial impact evidenced by our partner's letters of support and three Impact Case Studies ranked at 4* in the recent Research Excellence Framework in 2021. A new CDT strategy has been co-created with our industry partners, where we address new user-led research challenges through our theme of Formulation for Net Zero ('FFN0), articulated in two research areas: 'Manufacturing Net Zero (MN0)', and 'Towards 4.0rmulation'.Formulation engineering is not taught in first degree courses, so training is needed to develop the future leaders in this area. This was the industry need that led to the creation of the CDT in Formulation Engineering, based within the School of Chemical Engineering at Birmingham. The CDT leads the field: we won for the University one of the 2011 Diamond Jubilee Queen's Anniversary Prizes, demonstrating the highest national excellence. The UK is a world-leader in Formulation; many multinational formulation companies base research and manufacture in the UK, and the supply of trained graduates, and open innovation research partnerships facilitated by the CDT are critical to their success.The CDT receives significant industry funding (>£650k pa), supported by 31 industry partners including multinationals: P&G, Colgate, Unilever, Diageo, Devro, Fonterra, Samworth Bros., Jacobs Douwe Egberts, Nestle, Pepsico, Mondelez, GSK, AZ, Lonza, Novartis, BMS, BASF, Celanese, Croda, Innospec, Linde/BOC, Origen, Imerys, Johnson Matthey, Rolls-Royce/HTRC, JLR Lucideon and SMEs: Aquapak, CALGAVIN and ITS/StreamSensing.Intra and cross cohort training is central to our strategy, through our taught programme and twice-yearly internal conferences, industry partner-led regional research meetings, student-led technical and soft skills workshops and social events and inter CDT meetings. We have embedded diversity and inclusion into all of our projects and processes, including blind CV recruitment. Since 2018 our cohorts have been > 50% female and >35% BAME. We will co-create training and research partnerships with other CDTs, Catapult Centres, and industry, and train at least 50 EngD and PhD graduates with the skills needed to enhance the UK's leading international position in this critical area. The taught programme delivers a common foundation in formulation engineering, specialist technical training, modules on business, entrepreneurship and soft skills including a course in Responsible Research in Formulation. We have obtained promises of significant industry and University funding, with 67 offers of projects already. EPSRC costs will be 44% of the cash total for the CDT, and ca. £27% of the whole cost when industry in-kind funding is included.
GRN: EP/Y03533X/1
Period: 01/04/2024 to 30/09/2032
Funding Source: EPSRC
Global climate change threatens our future. Urgent societal action is demanded. However, crucial uncertainties regarding the future climate still need to be addressed. Extreme climate events are wreaking enormous environmental, societal, and economic tolls and they are becoming increasingly common and intense. The huge number of uncertainties related to our future climate combine with the sensitivity of the Earth's climate system to create extremely demanding challenges. Extending our understanding for deriving effective solutions demands interdisciplinary collaboration to determine the dominant factors in climate change. Currently, there is a lack of highly qualified mathematicians with the necessary training and experience to address the diverse problems and urgent challenges posed by climate change using computational and data-driven research.Our Centre for Doctoral Training (CDT) will train new cohorts of PhD students and build a scientific community to address the grand mathematical challenges raised by the significant levels of uncertainty in our future climate. The mission of our CDT will be to prepare graduates with strong mathematics, physics and engineering backgrounds to apply their skills in mathematical modelling, scientific computing, statistics and machine learning to key climate-related problems in oceanic, atmospheric and engineering contexts. By bringing together leading experts from Imperial College London, the University of Reading and the University of Southampton along with a wide range of external partners, our CDT will be uniquely placed to equip future mathematicians with the tools required to address global climate uncertainties.Our CDT will achieve its goals by developing the mathematics and its applications that are required to understand, better predict and, ultimately, respond to impending changes in the Earth's climate and the associated risks. A particular emphasis will be the creation of a vibrant environment to integrate strong cross-disciplinary engagement and collaboration, both within and between cohorts and disciplines, in advancing the range of scientific techniques, fundamental theories, approaches and applications. This will include engaging with academics, government organisations, industry and the public. As a result, the development of outstanding skills in mathematics and science communication will be a priority. The collaborative and peer-to-peer interactions will help develop the complementary techniques and approaches that will underpin essential technical research and innovation and will be coupled with exciting opportunities to discover and advance fundamental mathematics to provide practical solutions in climate science and beyond. Our CDT will act as a seed for growing the capability and capacity to inform decisions and efforts related to climate change on a rapid timescale. The technical focus of our CDT will be enhanced by activities to appreciate the social, political and economic dimensions of societal response to climate change. Furthermore, sustained efforts to mitigate and adapt to climate change will be required during the coming decades. For this reason, along with building a professional community of graduates, the CDT will invest in imaginative outreach programmes involving school pupils and undergraduates, building on opportunities through the institutions partnering with the CDT, including the Grantham Institute for Climate Change and the Environment, the National Oceanography Centre, the National Centre for Earth Observations, the UK Meteorological Office, the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, and the Natural History Museum
GRN: EP/Y030397/1
Period: 01/01/2024 to 30/06/2025
Funding Source: EPSRC
With the 'Net Zero Strategy: Build Back Greener' (1), the transport, energy, and building sectors in the UK are undergoing a paradigm shift. While this has clear environmental benefits, its potential impacts on social systems are often overlooked and there is no consistent approach for assessing equity impacts of net-zero initiatives. Yet, persistent inequalities are of significant concern in the UK, with the 10% richest households hold almost 50% of the country's wealth, in contrast to the bottom 50%, which holds only 9% (2). Schemes and interventions that have untreated or unfair equity impacts rightly cause political issues, sometimes slowing or even stopping progress. With pressing climate change and energy crisis, it is crucial to create data products facilitating social science led research to guide an equitable net-zero transition.Social scientists have access to increasing amounts of data; however, the diversity of data structure and limited data integration tools pose challenges for effectively utilising available datasets (3). New strategies are needed to integrate data from the UK census with the vast information collected via other channels to unlock novel research purposes. Providing research-ready data requires new methodological approaches in combining and creating data infrastructures and training resources that are specifically tailored for social scientists considering their interests and skills.The overall goal of this project is to develop methods, datasets, and training materials for facilitating social science research on impacts of UK's net-zero strategy. While the primary integration will be with the 2021/22 Census, earlier census data will also be used to analyse changes over time. The objective is to combine UK-wide socio-demographic data from the Census with metrics from existing surveys on energy use, efficiency, and mobility demand in smaller population samples. Objectives are:Define and compute metrics to track energy demand from households and individual mobility based on comprehensive evaluation of data availability in different UK regions,Develop and apply methods for generating small-area statistics at output area level (LSOA and MSOA) from energy and travel surveys.Update and augment population synthesis methods with latest census, energy, and mobility data.Demonstrate application of developed methods through case studies and publications focusing on equity in net-zero transition.Create open-source tools and training resources specifically tailored for social scientists.Execute dissemination and outreach activities to ensure researchers are well-informed about the developed data tools and methodologies, promoting wider use of Census data.This proposal fits within ESRC's funding opportunity scopes:services are in place to support researchers who wish to use UK census 2021/2 data for social science-led research.tools and research-ready datasets that enable research with census data have been created. researchers are more aware of the wide variety of census data that will become available and understand how to access and maximise their use of it
GRN: EP/X027392/1
Period: 01/02/2024 to 31/01/2028
Funding Source: EPSRC
We introduce new product and manufacturing concept for heating buildings. This product is based on the technologies existing in Industrial partner for fabrication of magnetic covers and expertise from University of Liverpool in manufacturing of thermal energy storage systems using phase-change materials (PCMs). Collaboration of project participants will open a market niche for covers withself-responding thermo-regulating ability, which reduce overall energy losses for the customers (both domestic and industrial) and smoothen energy consumption during high and low peak periods. The idea of the proposed project is based on the fundamental studies of energy capsules loaded with phase-change materials for storage and release of thermal energy developed under main ERC Consolidator grant "ENERCAPSULE". Different types of the capsule shell (polymeric, carbon-based, inorganic nanoparticles) loaded with nonflammable crystallohydrate PCMs were developed for effective storage of the thermal waste energy within the temperature range 20 - 200 0C and controlled energy transfer into/from energy container. The fundamental knowledge on encapsulation of the PCMs created a new platform for their application as thermal energy storage additives to different host materials. The final project goal is commercialisation of a new product for use in households, hospitals and other social, governmental and industrial estates
GRN: ES/Z50290X/1
Period: 01/10/2024 to 30/09/2026
Funding Source: ESRC
Detecting degradation that endangers the safety and impairs availability of infrastructure and components is currently the task of schedule-driven Non-Destructive Evaluation (NDE), this process is however costly and disruptive. The attractive alternative is to use condition based Structural Health Monitoring (SHM). Current, SHM typically uses sensors that provide local information only, which may be insufficient for detecting interior degradation or require very dense networks. Furthermore, the performance of both in-situ sensing systems and algorithms to process and interpret the sensor data is reduced when subject to Environmental and Operational Conditions (EOC). This limits their large-scale deployment. USES2 will develop and combine novel emerging sensing technologies (optical fibre and wireless pieozoelectric sensors), advanced processing (compressed sensing, artificial intelligence) and full-mechanical-waveform-based imaging to tackle these issues. Key to this cross-disciplinary work is a new generation of researchers with skills across sensing and signal processing. They will be trained with a unique combination of "hands-on" multidisciplinary research demonstrators, industrial placements, and courses /workshops on scientific and transferable skills. All of which is facilitated by the broad intersectoral composition of the consortium. USES2 will produce world class researchers expert in innovative sensing solutions, advanced mechanical wave processing and robust EOC compensation methods. Their skills will be embodied in a series of laboratory demonstrators and in situ industrially relevant experiments spanning three key sectors of European industry: energy (power plants (nuclear, wind), hydrogen storage, pipeline networks for fuel exploration and transport), mobility for citizens (aircraft, automotive industry) and construction (urban subsurface soil, infrastructures)
